Wind-induced Vibration Control Of Wind Turbine Tower Structures Based On Shape Memory Alloy

With the growing trend of wind power technology development towards large blade,high power,and high tower,the overall reliability of wind turbine tower structures have become increasing prominent,and the impact of wind-induced vibration on the reliability of wind turbine tower structures has become more and more significant.The study of the vibration characteristics of wind turbine tower structures under wind load and effective control of the vibration are of great significance.SMA(Shape Memory Alloy,called SMA)is a new type of intelligent materials with shape memory effect,super-elastic effect,high damping,high restoring force and other characteristics.Its super-elastic effect endows it with good energy dissipation capability to effectively reduce the dynamic response of the structure,which has broad application prospects in the field of structural vibration control.Based on the super elastic effect of the shape memory alloy(SMA),in this paper,a set of energy dissipation device for the wind turbine tower structure is designed to reduce the wind-induced vibration of wind turbine tower structure.The main research contents and achievements are as follows:First,this paper introduces several major SMA constitutive models and compares and analyzes their advantages and disadvantages as the basis for building a bilinear SMA hysteretic model which is embedded into the material library of the finite element analysis software of ABAQUS to provide a guarantee for the finite element analysis of SMA material model below.Second,this paper establishes the dynamic characteristic equation of the wind turbine tower structure,introduces the theoretical solving method of wind tower structure bending vibration modal using matrix analysis method according to the dynamic characteristic equation,establishes the integral finite element analysis model of SMA-wind turbine tower structure using the finite element software of ABAQUS,conducts vibration modal analysis,and focuses on its vibration characteristics and the impact on the vibration characteristics after the installation of SMA energy dissipation device.It provides a theoretical basis for the subsequent analysis of the dynamic response of the tower structure under wind load.Third,with the cone type tower of the 1.5MW large horizontal axis wind turbine as the research object,a finite element model with the actual size is built,with different wind speeds at the hub as the loading condition,wind load is applied respectively to wind turbine tower structure with and without the SMA energy dissipation device,and the wind-induced response is compared and analyzed to evaluate the damping effect of the SMA energy dissipation device.The results show that,compared with the state without control,the maximum displacement and acceleration of the tower top equipped with the SMA energy dissipation device were reduced by 45%and 31%,with obvious vibration control effect.Fourth,a scaled down model of the wind turbine tower structure is made,and a model test of tower structure is carried out using the SMA energy dissipation device for the tower structure wind-induced vibration characteristics.This paper analyzes its dynamic response under wind load and studies the control effect of the SMA energy dissipation device.The results show that the SMA energy dissipation device proposed in this paper can effectively control the dynamic response of the structure.