Analysis And Research On The Frontal Crash Of Steel And Aluminum Bus Body Structure

As the science and technology continue developing and consiousness that people are willing to live the low carbon and environment friendly life of energy conservation and emission redcution enhances,the new energy cars that have an advantage of zero pollution and zero emission are paied more and more atttention to by the state and society.As the 21 st century green bus,the new energy buss have an unlimited development prospect and market.However,people are tend to ignore securety of new energy bus only just focusing on its advantages.The frontal crash accident of energy bus is a conmon occurce form.Thus,it is siganificantly important for the driver and passengers about how to improve the securety of new energy bus frontal crash.Based on this,the paper has researched and improved the frontal crash of a type of electric steel-aluminum bus body strcuture.Fistly,it discussed the bus frontal crash current status and analysyed bus securety of frontal crash both in domestic and abroad.Campared with in domestic,it is early and deeply to study the frontal crash of the car on abroad,having formed relatively mature regulation.However,there is no common regulation standard in domestic and abroad about reasearching to the frontal crash of bus.People in college and enterprise do the research of the frontal crash analysis of bus mainly refering to GB11551-2003.In the paper,the author does the frontal crash analysis of the Steel and Aluminum bus structure is also refering to this standard.Secondly,it has studied the finite element collsion theory.It also introduces the elasticplastic material mechanics models,collsion and nonlinear contacting theory.It has builded the finite element model of the Steel and Aluminum bus body structure and analyzed to the bending and torsional stiffiness and moal of the Steel and Aluminum bus body structure.It has made the tenslie experiment of the aluminum alloy material and aluminum alloy bus body connection structure,got the resulte of the tensile strengh of the aluminium alloy material and aluminum alloy connection structure.At the same time,it has deeply researched the Steel and Aluminum bus body structure crashing to the rigid wall.It has carried on the analysis and evaluation of crashing performance of the bus from energy absorption,body structure deformation,the driver seat crashing acceleration.This provided the powerful basis for further improving securety performance of the bus frontal crash.Lastly,the paper have researched crash influence factors of the thin-wall beam.It also studied the collsion law of the thin-wall beam from the apsects of cross section form,the material,the thickness.Aiming at the shortcoming of the frontal impact performance steel aluminum bus structure and according to the collsion law of the thin-wall beam,it has designed the energy absorption device and applied this device to the front of the bus.In additon,it has designed the force-transmission beam on the chassis and high-strength steel reinforced beam on the right side of driver.Campared the frontal crash simulation of the changed Steel and Aluminum bus structure with the unchanged one,the changed Steel and Aluminum bus structure crashing performance have been improved significantly.The changed Steel and Aluminum bus body structure has an important reference value for engineering applications.