Research On Lightweight Structure And Crash Safety For Bus Seats

With the development of automobile industry,the safety of automobile has become a very important research field.Automobile seats are one of the main safety components for protecting passengers,in October 2014 China has promulgated the regulations of GB13057-2014 "Strength of seats and their anchorages of passenger vehicles" to ensure the crash safety of vehicle seats,so it’s necessary to study the safety of vehicle seats.With the domestic and international increasing demand for lighting the weight of vehicle,it is necessary to light the weight of vehicle seats under the premise of ensuring the crash safety of seats.Therefore,lightweight and crash safety research of the bus seats is important application value and significance for reducing the cost and improving the safety of vehicle.According to the requirements of GB14167-2013 regulations,CAE simulation method and topology optimization method,the finite element model of seats is established.The lightweight of seats structure is accomplished,and the reliability and crash safety of lightweight seats are verified.The main research content:(1)According to the requirements of GB14167-2013 regulations "Safety-belt anchorages,ISOFIX anchorages systems and ISOFIX top tether anchorages for vehicles",the finite element model of the safety-belt anchorages test of seats is established and calculated.In order to verify the accuracy and validity of the static finite element model,the test results and simulation results are compared by the time-displacement curves of the ropes,the whole deformation and the local deformation of seats.(2)Basing on the simulation results of the safety-belt anchorage test,the seat stands are chosen to light weight.Using OptiStruct software to establish the topology optimization model,the safety-belt anchorage forces of the test are taken as the boundary condition.The model design variables,constraints and optimization objectives are set,and the optimization results are got.The seat stands which have been optimized are imported to the simulation model of safety-belt anchorage test,and the reliability of lightweight scheme is verified.(3)According to the regulations of GB13057-2014,the finite element model of seat dynamic test is established.The test results and simulation results are compared by dummy position and dummy injury values,and the accuracy and validity of dynamic test simulation model are verified.The lightweight seat stands are imported to the simulation model of seat dynamic test,and the crash safety of lightweight seat is verified.The research of this paper is lighting weight of the passenger seats under the premise of crash safety,and the seat stands has been lighted 13% weight.