Study On Preparation And Characterization Of AP/fuel Nano-composite Energetic Material

The energy releasing reaction ratea in the nano-composite energetic materials are high because the oxidizer contacts with the fuel in nano scale.The nano-composite energetic materials may generate hotspots easily at low tempwerarue in propellant,and then increase the burning rate and the combustion efficiency,reduce the sensitivity of high burning rate propellants synchronously.By means of physical deposition,the preparation methods of AP/CNTs and AP/RGO nano-composite energetic materials were investigted.With sol-gel method,the preparation methods of mesoporpus MF gel material and the high-AP-content AP/MF nano-composite energetic materials was studied.The reaction performances of the AP/MF nano-composite energetic materials were measured.The experimental results showed that AP/CNTs and AP/RGO composite materials were manufactured by physical deposition at 50? in the AP saturated solution.The particle size of AP is small enough.the AP nano composite particles are not agglomerating obviously.But the AP contents of these two nano composite energetic materials are low.When the reactant concentration of MF is 10%,the effective ways to increase the AP content were adding more AP saturated solution or increasing the depositing numbers.Functional agent was helpful to increase the specific surface area and pore size of AP/MF nano-composite materials.The optimized preparation conditions for AP/MF-A composite energetic material were: the reactant concentration is 10%,the AP saturated solution amount is 60.6g,and the glycol amount is 4.9g.The particle size of AP in AP/MF nano-composite materials was in the nano scale.AP dispersed uniformly in MF gel pore structure.The thermal decomposition rates of AP increased in the AP/MF nano-composite materials.The peak of AP low temperature decomposition of the composite decreased 15?,and that of AP high temperature decomposition decreased 50-70?.To increase burning rates of composite materials,the effective methods were increasing the AP contents or decreasing AP particle size in the AP/MF nano-composite materials.The burning rate order of AP/MF nano-composite materials produced by 3 different means was as follows: AP/MF-B-40-2>AP/MF-A-10%-1>AP/MF-A-10%.The explosion heat of AP/MF composite material is low,but higher than that of AP and MF mixture at the same composition ratio.The explosion heats of the composite were influenced greatly by the AP contents in the composite.The explosion heat order of AP/MF nano-composite materials produced by 3 different means wass as follows: AP/MF-A-10%> AP/MF-B-40-2>AP/MF-A-10%-1.The mechanical sensitivities of the AP/MF nano composite energetic materials are higher those of their mixture.While AP content increase,the mechanical sensitivities increase.The mechanical sensitivities increase dramatically by adding the functional agent glycol.