Study On Temperature Control System Of Near-Space Crew Capsule Based On Phase Change Cool Storage

Near space is the region between aviation and space,near spacecraft is a vehicle that can fly in the near space and performs a particular mission,it has great strategic and economic value in terms of large data collection and push,communications early warning,investigation attacks,wifi coverage,etc.Based on the advantages of low manufacturing cost,relatively simple technology and high carrying capacity,low speed near spacecraft has become a hotspot in the world.With the rapid development of the technology of low speed near spacecraft,the instruments and equipment equipped by low speed near spacecraft are increasing,and the manned flight is becoming possible.Research shows that if the heat cannot be eliminated in the confined space,the internal environment temperature will rise sharply,thus it can affect the normal work of the crew and equipment,and even leads to security incidents.In view of the characteristics of operating environment and energy constraints for low speed near spacecraft,the temperature control technology that widely used in aviation and spacecraft can be used for reference but not directly.On the basis of summing up the existing crew capsule environmental control means,this paper puts forward the technical idea that using phase change cool storage for the crew capsule refrigeration,and the feasibility and effectiveness of the method are studied by numerical simulation and experiment: Firstly the physical and mathematical model of phase change cool storage device is established by heat transfer analysis,thus completes the design of phase change cool storage device and air flow organization;Secondly,the FLUENT software is used to simulate the melting process of phase change cool storage unit and the temperature distribution inside the crew capsule,the results of numerical calculation are analyzed to show that the distribution of the temperature field inside the cabin can or not meet the requirements of the normal operation of the crew and the equipment under the effect of the phase change cool storage device;Finally,a prototype of phase change cool storage device is built,and then the performance of the phase change thermal storage device is tested by comparison experiment using the built experimental cabin,at the same time,the existing problems are analyzed.The results show that the phase change cool storage temperature control system can effectively control the internal temperature of the crew capsule in a reasonable range within a certain period of time,at the same time,the overall quality of the system is lighter,only the fan has a very low energy consumption,in addition,phase change materials are safe,non-toxic and recyclable,the cold storage process is completed on the ground,it makes the space refrigeration technology independent of the external environment,and realize the transfer in time and space.In summary,it meets the requirements of lightweight,low energy consumption,safety and high efficiency for the crew capsule environmental control and has certain guidance and reference significance for the design of the cabin temperature control system.