Design Of Bionic Wing Of Flapping-wing Micro Air Vehicles And Multi-objective Optimization

The flapping-wing kinematics and flexible deformation are two key factors on the performance of flapping-wing micro air vehicles(FMAVs).For a long time,researchers paid more attention on the mechanical design of flapping mechanism and kinematic analysis,but ignore the influence of flexible deformation on flight performance.The flexible deformation of insect wings in nature is the base of their design and function's realization.The relationship between different kinds of insect wing structure,inner design and function is extremely reasonable,thus it has been an important research area to design bionic flexible wings based on insect wings in recent years.Based on the results of flapping-wing micro air vehicles at home and abroad,the flapping bionic wings were divided into different types and their characteristics were analyzed.The structure of the insect wings and the flight mechanism were introduced,and the relationship between flexible deformation,structure and the aerodynamics performance was discussed.Based on the simulation results of insect wings including moth,cicada and bee,as well as the existing design of bionic wings,three different kinds of bionic wings including radiation pattern wings,parallel pattern wings and radiation with slant wings were designed,and the materials of their veins andmembrane were selected.The finite element models of three kinds of bionic wings were established,and their statics and kinetics were analyzed.The simulation result showed that the number of tangential veins are play important role in the deformation and modality of three kinds of bionic wings.When the number was 7,5,and 6,the deformation was bigger than others and the modality was close to the given excitation frequency.Also,radiation with slant wings had span wise and chord coupling deformation which are more suitable for the design of FMAV with resonance frequency.A parameterized multi-objective optimization model of radiation with slant wings was established.The sensibility of the model to different parameters was analyzed.Multi-objective particle swarm was used to solve these problems.The simulation results showed that the low-order frequency of the optimized bionic wing decreased by 30% and the frequency difference reduced obviously,which is beneficial to span wise and chord coupling deformation under resonance frequency.The experimental results showed that the optimized bionic wing had a better aerodynamic performance than that of primary bionic wing.