Design And Optimization Of Key Components Test Of Vertical Flail Banana Stalk Crushing Machine

China is one of the largest banana producers in the world, the banana industry has become Chinese agricultural pillar industry in South subtropical area, which plays an important role in tropical economic and rural social development. Stout erect banana straw, wrapped by leaf sheaths, that contains large amounts of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements.After the straw return to soil, as straw mineralization during decomposition and humification, nutrients are released, so as to improve soil structure. Straw mulch can reduce water evaporation, and buffering rainwater on soil erosion, reduction of surface runoff, improve the thickness of aquifer, but also can avoid direct sunshine that may lead to higher soil temperature. So improve the regulation of soil water, fertilizer, gas, temperature and promote the nutrient resorption in order to achieve a virtuous circle.Due to the large banana straw, high water content and is rich in cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin.Domestic banana straw mechanical crushing returning research started late, the existing crushing equipment remains operational deficiencies, straw fiber wound serious, poor crushing effect and so on.In order to solve these problems,this project studying the mechanical properties of tension, torsion, bending of banana straw, which to analysis the mechanismof shredding and returning of banana straw. Combined with the characteristics of lower banana collective planting level and the scattered planting area of Hainan, based on the banana stalk crushing returning machine of vertical L-shaped chopper(designed by Li yue and Wu Xueshang), developing a new banana stalk crushing returning machine of feeding type vertical-flail. This paper described the verall design scheme of the machine and the main structure, then analyzed the interrelationship between various components and determined the optimal values of key parameters. The main contents are as follows:(1) Through a series of investigations and researchs, this thesis mainly probes into the structural characteristic of banana stalks, physicochemical property of the stalks, the research status of crushing method of banana stalks and application of the crushing method.(2) Experimental study on moisture content of banana stalks, mechanical property and fiction properties of metallic material of the stalks.(3) Based on the existing banana stalk vertical-crushing machine, this paper initially suggests the addition of feeding device, the optimization and improvement of crushing component and the shape of swing knife, the optimization and improvement of supporting and walking device. Among them, the paper provides two design solutions, one is the design of saw-toothed and tackling feeding device and another is spiral and rolling feeding device. For the swing knife, this paper also brings two design scheme, one is the fitting of vertical shaft and E-shape swing-fixed knife, the other is the fitting of horizontal shaft and hammer claw swing knife. By the experiment and analysis, this paper gives initial design scheme of optimized feeding and vertical shaft swing knife of banana crushing machine, also designs the main structure^technical parameters and reasonable transmission system, expound the working principle of mechanism.(4) The structural parameters and motion parameters of added feeding device, optimized crushing component and crawler running device were designed, to determine the practicable scope of these parameters by analysis.(5) Formulating the influence factors according to the index of pass rate of stalks crushing, the working efficiency of machine, feeding speed of prototype, rotational speed of swing knife and installation location of fixed knife. To use the statistical analysis software called SPSS19.0and by means of single-factor experiment, this paper gives the experimental influencing rule and changing causes of the various factors, in addition, further to determine a suitable scope for the determination of experimental index. Applying the orthogonal experiment in three levels and three factors to get the optimal combination, as well as the influence of experiment from every factors.(6) Developing a test method, taking the crushing rate of banana stalks, working efficiency as experimental index, selecting the rotational speed of toothed roller, rotational speed of E-shape swing knife, installation location of fixed knife as influence factors, by means of single-factor experiment, analyses how the each factors affect the experimental index, find out the appropriate level of factors for experimental index:the rotational speed of toothed roller is between80to95rotations per minute, the rotational speed of E-shape swing knife is between1100to1250rotations per minute, the angle of installation location of the fixed knife is between40to50degrees. Based on the data above, to use the orthogonal experiment, through range analysis and variance analysis, considering power consumption of machine, find out the optimal combination of the parameters of key part is the toothed roller rotate at90r/min, the rotational speed of crushing-swing knife at1100r/min, the installation location of fixed knife is placed at44degrees.