Study On Pollination And Improved Varieties Configuration Of Pecan

Nowadays,wide varietiesof pecan(CaryaillinoinensisK.Koch)have been introduced and selected in our country.But requirement forimproved varieties is still strong and hybridization can be the most effective method forimproved variety.The study we analysis dying methods and storage conditions of pollen,inter-specific hybrid characteristic,and research about nut development period.We try to provide theoretical foundation about variety configurations,hybrid breeding and tending management.(1)We applied fivedrying methods and four storage temperature conditionsto three colonel pollens.The research showed thatthere were significant differences about pollen germination rateon different dying methods.The result was that interior shade>dryer drying(?30°C thermostat drying)>air drying>sun drying.And the result of the different storageconditions was that-79°C >-20°C>4°C>room temperature.(2)The study tested 9 kinds of pollinating varieties for the pollination on 5 pecan clones.The results showed that different varieties' pollinating made the significantly difference on the nut setting among the same female.The interactions were behaved between parents.And all of the nutcharacters had highly significant deviation.We can choose suitable pollination cultivars for the 5 females based on the differences of nut setting and its characters within the individual plant of crossing combination.(3)In the experiment about reciprocal cross and pecan and hickory(Carya cathayensis Sarg),artificial pollination of nut setting was lower than the natural pollination.Nutcharactersof F1 generations were like theirmale characters,the difference with the female reached significant levels.The oil content,soluble sugars,saturated fatty acids nuts which were pollinated by pecan were higher than hybrid pollinating nuts,and proteins and unsaturated fatty acids were lower than hybrid pollinating nuts.(4)In the efficiency test of pecan natural pollination on hickory,there were significant differences about nutcharacters from different distance in four directions.The synergies that upwind and close hickory's nuts were supported were largerthan windward and remote nuts about characters.The targetsof nut qualities are mostly between hickory and pecan.(5)Compared the three experimental forests cultivated in Lianhua,Qiantan and Sandu at the same year,we could find the yields of Lianhua and Qiantan that after pollination were higher than control group,respectively are 1746 % and 3772%.The variation range of growth index and yield were large among different forests,and the CVs were sorted sequentially from high to low,which meant the yieldis larger than crown than diameter than tree height.The nut characters of different experimental forests have significant differences,and the nut qualities were not significantly different.(6)The results of tracking studies about ‘Mahan' were the weight and volume of nutand nut showed an upward trend during the process of the nut maturation.In general the mass fraction of protein and soluble sugar increased in initial stage and then declined.The mass fraction of saturated fatty acids is a downward trend,but the trend of unsaturated fatty is opposite.