Effect Of Bees Pollination On Fruit Setting Rate And Fruit Traits Of Fuji Apple In The Irrigation Area Of Ningxia

In order to improve the Fuji apple fruit setting rate,improve the appearance quality of the fruit,increase merchandise value,this experiment is to Fuji as test materials,for two consecutive years in 2015-2016 observe the fruit of development in a row system dynamic,investigate and analysis the shape change the dynamic of Fuji in irrigation area of Ningxia,through the Bees pollination improve the apple fruit setting rate,regulate and control fruit shape and fruit traits,getting the conclusion show that:1.The results of bees pollinated in orchard under the flowering cold showed in the survey:Compared with the bees pollinated and contrast,bees pollinated can significantly improve the apple fruit setting rate,decrease young fruit colding rate;can significantly reduce the deflective fruit rate,improve fruit shape index、excellent fruit rate and apple production,accordingly reduce cold production rate significantly;if production is calculated at 20%,the investment income than of the bees pollinated is 1:50,the contrast is 1:1;take bees pollinated,low cost,high efficiency,large degree of saved the production losses and economic losses.2.The results of net isolated cases bees pollinated showed that:(1)On the fruit development dynamic,the longitudinal diameter and transverse diameter growth period of Fuji in irrigation area of Ningxia were single dynamic trend of "S" type growth curve.Fruit growth of young fruit stage,the longitudinal diameter is slightly larger than transverse diameter,fruit shape index greater than 1;fruit into the expansion phase,the transverse diameter is always greater than longitudinal diameter.Single weight increase throughout the growing season also show the single"S"type curve,the change of single weight of the young fruit stage,bulking stage,slow growth period showed a trend of slow-fast-slow growth.(2)The Bees pollinated can significantly improve the apple fruit setting rate.The apple fruit setting rate under different pollination methods according to rank as follows:the bees pollinated T1>natural contrast CK>natural wind alone T2,under the bees pollinated apple fruit setting rate is highest,natural contrast is second,under natural wind alone apple fruit setting rate is worst.(3)On the fruit shape index,general performance for good fruit>skew fruit>deformity fruit;on the deflective fruit rate performance for deformity fruit>skew fruit>good fruit.The fruit shape index and excellent fruit rate under different pollination methods are bees pollinated T1>nature contrast CK>natural wind vector T2;the deflective fruit rate is natural wind vector T2>nature contrast CK>bees pollinated T1;bees pollinated can significantly improve the fruit shape index,reduce the deflective fruit rate,increase the excellent fruit rate,to produce more good fruit,reduce the formation of the deformed fruit.Was born in south of canopy and apple fruit shape index is slightly higher than the east and the north to the west of the fruit;the fruit shape index of the bottom of the tree body is higher than the upper and middle.Droop fruit shape index is higher than the lateral fruit,the fruit thinning stage left hanging fruit as much as possible,remove the lateral fruit.(4)Fruit seed number and apple shape have a lot relationship.In general,good fruit>skew fiuit>deformity fruit,seed development status directly affect the fruit shape index and deflective fruit rate,fruit between seeds and fruit shape index were positively correlated,and negatively correlated with fruit deflection.Seed number under different pollination is bees pollinated T1>natural contrast CK>natural wind vector T2,so the bees pollinated can significantly increase the number of fruit in the seed,fruit shape index can be improved.(5)Peduncle length、roughness and apple shape also have particular concern.Peduncle length and roughness are characterized by good fruit>skew fruit>deformity fruit,fruit peduncle length、roughness and apple fruit shape index are positively correlated,and negatively correlated with deflective fruit rate.Peduncle length and the roughness under different pollination are bees pollinated T1>natural contrast CK>natural wind vector T2,so the bees pollinated can increase the peduncle length,enlarge peduncle roughness,and fruit shape index can be improved.(6)Under different pollination apple single weight,yield per plant are bees pollinated T1>natural contrast CK>natural wind vector T2,single weight and yield per plant are positively correlated relationship,bees pollinated can significantly improve the apple production.Bees pollinated can significantly improve the apple production.Under bees pollinated the coloring index is highest,the appearance quality is best.Bees pollinated can significantly improve the Fuji apple soluble solids content,solid acid ratio;impact on the peel hardness and titratable acid was not significant.So the bees pollinated can effectively improve the comprehensive quality of Fuji apple.