| This paper aimed at key technical problems of grow-bag substrate material selection of ecological restoration such as poor drought, mine and tailings, taking palm fiber and bamboo filament fiber as the substrate material, investigated the physical and chemical properties, acid-base buffering characteristics, fertility index, nutrient preserving capability, etc,and the modified its properties and reciprocated palm fiber and bamboo filament, screened the best formula through cultivation experiments. As a result, the research may provide certain reference and guidance for the development of new organic substrate, the development of total nutrients grow-bag and modern agriculture. The main results were as follows:(1) Total porosity of both palm fiber and bamboo filament fiber are above74%, saturated water content are higher than 290%, bulk density and specific gravity are in excellent soilless cultivation substrate scope, the p H value of palm fiber is too high for plant growth, however it could be adjusted by adding equal volume of 0.015 mol/L dilute sulphuric acid, the p H value of palm fiber is adjusted to 5.59, after 6 times watering treatment, the p H value of palm fiber is up to 6.33, the p H value of bamboo fiber is on the low side, it can be adjusted by adding 2~4 kg.m-3 calcium carbonate, and the p H value of bamboo fiber is adjusted to around 6, and the p H value is stability, acid-base buffering characteristics, fertility index, impurity elements contents, waterretaining property, nutrient preserving capability of palm fiber and bamboo filament fiber are all similar as coconut tree branny.(2) Lump shaping rate of both palm fiber and bamboo filament fiber are above 90%, after 12 days sowing, tomato seed germination rate reach 92.6%and 92.6% respectively, spinach seed germination rate reach 93.7% and94.3% respectively, plant height, stem diameter, root activity, strong seedling index of tomato and spinach seedlings in the palm fiber and bamboo filament fiber are similar as tomato and spinach seedlings in the coconut tree branny respectively, in the germination tests of tomato and spinach seeds in fiber/bamboo filament fiber substrates leaching solution, tomato and spinach seed germination rate are above 93%, germination index are higher than 90%.(3)In the reciprocal of palm fiber and bamboo filament fiber, T2 is the most Suitable for use as substrate, in the ratio of T2 the PH value of substrate is5.85, electrical conductivity is 1.40 ms/cm, index of bulk density, porosity,cation exchange capacity, effective potassium, available phosphorus and organic matter are in excellent soilless cultivation substrate scope, through tomato cultivation test, select the best proportion of NPK fertilizer is1:0.5:1.5, palm fiber and bamboo filament fiber have good compression resilience, the packaging size of total nutrients grow-bag is 105×18×30cm,the size of substrate lump is 100×15×10cm, the compression ratio is 3:1.(4) The PH value and conductivity of coconut tree branny, palm fiber,bamboo filament fiber and T2 substrate have changed before and after the cultivation, but it is still within the ideal substrate scope, tomato plants cultivate in four cultivation substrate, the chlorophyll content are around 41,net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration difference are not obvious, tomato fruit number per plant is around 12.5, average fruit weight is around 0.120 kg, tomato in the coconut tree branny substrate has the maximum individual yield, but in the palm fiber, bamboo filament fiber and T2 substrate, Tomato individual yield are all over 1.487 kg, tomato plants cultivate in Four cultivation substrate, the nitrate contents is around 105 mg/kg, soluble sugar content is about 2.40%,vitamin C content are all more than 14.46 mg / 100 g. |
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