Design Of "Four In One" Greenhouse Monitoring System And Research On Farmland Monitoring Nodes Deployment

Agriculture is the foundation of National Economy, which is also the weakest in National Economy. Our agriculture is in the transition period from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture. And we have started to research the development of intelligence agriculture, therefore, multi-regions has begun to take intelligent greenhouse cultivation and intelligent farming. But “Four in one” Greenhouse in north China is the combination of traditional cultivation and farming. The maturity and development of IoT(Internet of Things) technology are deserved to providing technology support for realizing modern intelligence greenhouse. However, most of Chinese greenhouse is still adopt cables to monitor at present, which caused cables mess, limited monitoring space, inflexible networking, large cost of greenhouse production, difficulty of construction and maintenance,and manual control device wastes lots of manpower and resources.In respect to realizing multiparameters of cultivation farming methane users coordinate control and collaboration, realizing precision agriculture system and saving manpower,“Four in one” intelligent monitor system which suits for greenhouse in north China is considered as a potential technology in this paper.“Four in one” intelligent monitor system is combined zigbee wireless communication technology, GPRS communication technology, PC technology, database technology and internet technology. The system is divided into two subsystems based on its function. One is wireless sensor network subsystem which using zigbee to build and achieve information collection, transmission, control and feedback of greenhouse environment, the other is remote monitoring subsystem which realizing to receive, store, deal, display parameters of greenhouse environment and issue instruction, achieved the remote control WSN system and provided more terminal display pages.In this article, we tested the system working, and the results showed that the system is running stable and reliable, realized to display greenhouse parameters at any time,centralized intelligent control of devices like irrigation equipment, ventilation fan and lighting, and intelligent regulation and forecast of greenhouse environment, therefore,achieved intelligent control of animal and plant growth environment and utilization allocation of crops science management and resources to meet the requirements of stable yield, high yield and high efficiency modern agriculture.After completed the design of the monitoring system, we studied the deployment of wireless sensor network node in the large-scale farmland environment information collection system. In order to reduce costs of agricultural production and achieve the goal of optimizing farmland income using limited sensor network resources, the function relationship between network coverage and node density is deduced firstly based on wireless sensor network covering model, and that between area of coverage and node numbers is established through numerical simulation, then approximate expression of area of coverage and node numbers is obtained by segmented approximation. Based on the function expression above, the farmland multi-objective model is built firstly, and then marginal costs of sensor node in different crop planting areas is obtained, after that, the optimum allocation from limited node to different object region is also realized. In this paper, sensor node distribution that optimizes the farmland income is researched for the first time, providing solutions to the node distribution of farmland multi-objective area.