Effects Of The Accompanying Cultivation On Soil Environment Of Cucumber Root Zone

The experiment was conducted in the plots of Vegetable Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the testing depot of Jinan academy of agricultural sciences of Shandong Province in 2014-2015. In order to provide theoretical basis for improve cucumber production and scientific management of soil and make clear of the relationship among soil nutrient, activity of soil enzyme and number of soil microbial to provide theoretical basis for scientific management of soil, companion cultivation mode with cabbage, cauliflower, garlic and green Chinese onion by using single cucumber as reference. The major results of investigation were concluded as follows:1 Four associated crops both can improve the growth of the cucumber plant, the stem diameter and section number increased obviously. Comparing with different associated model, the treatment of accompanying cauliflower is better than that of accompanying cabbage, the treatment of accompanying green Chinese onion is better than that of accompanying garlic. Four associated crops both can improve the yield of cucumber, comparing with different associated model, associated kale is better than cauliflower, associated with garlic is better than associated with green Chinese onion.2 Four associated crops both can improve soil organic matter, total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of Cucumber root zone, reduce soil EC value and reduce the soil salt consequently, to prevent soil prevent salt injury. Comparing with different associated model, the impact of improving the content of soil nitrogen, available phosphorus and potassium of associated cabbage is better than that of accompanying cauliflower, that of accompanying garlic is better than that of accompanying green Chinese onion processing;Associated cabbage has better impact of reducing soil salt than associated cauliflower, associated garlic is better than green Chinese onion garlic.3 Compared with single cucumber, four associated crops both can improve the soil urease, phosphatase and sucrase activity to promote the soil enzyme activity and be conducive to the transformation of soil nutrients. Accompanying cultivation both can reduce the content of soil catalase to reduce toxicity of peroxide to crops. Comparing with different associated model, the impact of improving the activity of soil urease, phosphatase and invertase of accompanying cabbage is better than that of accompanying cauliflower; The associated green onions could increase the soil urease and invertase activity more effective than garlic; The impact of Reducing the soil catalase activity of associated kale is stronger than associated cauliflower processing; Accompanying garlic is better than that of accompanying green Chinese onion processing; Soil phosphatase activity performance is shown as: associated cauliflower > associated cabbage; associated garlic > green Chinese onion.4 Four associated crops all can decrease the number of fungi. In addition to the 20 d after planting, the number of soil bacteria and actinomycetes of associated cabbage and cauliflower were higher than single cucumber in other times; In addition to the 50 d, the number of soil bacteria and actinomycetes of associated garlic and shallot were higher than the single planting cucumbers in other times. It shows that the associated vegetables can improve the soil micro ecological environment in the root zone of cucumber, effectively check the transformation from bacterial soil to fungal soil and then prevent the occurrence of soil continuous cropping obstacle. It is conducive to the growth of cucumber.