Effects Of Different Types Of Fertilizers On Soil Nutrients,Enzyme Activity And Wheat Yield Of Lime Concretion Black Soil

There are few studies on the impact of different types of fertilizers on wheat production in the lime concretion black soil area of northern Anhui,which restricts Internal medicine in this area to use fertilizers to improve wheat yield per unit area.This experiment selected Jiangmai 869 as the experimental material,with six different types of compound fertilizers,including slow-release mixed fertilizer,controlled release fertilizer,stable fertilizer,humic acid fertilizer,new sulfur fertilizer,and wheat specific fertilizer,as well as the control without applying base fertilizer,as the main area;Using urea topdressing during wheat jointing as a sub area,three nitrogen fertilizer topdressing gradients were set up.Measure the dynamics of wheat stem and tiller at different growth stages,soil available nutrient content in different soil layers,and soil enzyme activity,and study the relationship between soil nutrient content,soil enzymes,and wheat yield under different types of fertilizers and nitrogen fertilizer operation modes.The results are as follows:（1）Different types of fertilizers have different effects on the number of wheat stems and tillers.The treatment of wheat specific fertilizer has the highest number of tillers in the wheat population during the tillering stage;The application of nitrogen fertilizer during the jointing stage increased the number of wheat ears,and all three topdressing gradients had the highest number of wheat specialized fertilizer ears.（2）Different types of fertilizers and nitrogen fertilizer management have different soil nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium contents at different stages of wheat growth.In various fertilizer treatments,the alkaline nitrogen content in the soil layer of 20-40 cm increased from the jointing stage to the mature stage of wheat,and the nitrogen supply capacity of this soil layer was enhanced;The available phosphorus content in the two soil layers peaked at the jointing stage of wheat under the N5 gradient,while gradually decreased under the N0 and N10 gradients;The effective potassium content in the two soil layers showed a decreasing trend during the wheat growth period.Under the three nitrogen fertilizer gradients of wheat specific fertilizer,the soil alkaline nitrogen content during the wheat growth period is relatively low.Under the N5 gradient,the soil available phosphorus content is high in two soil layers during the middle and late stages of wheat growth,and the soil available potassium content is high under the three nitrogen fertilizer gradients.（3）Different types of fertilizers and nitrogen fertilizers have different soil enzyme activities.The soil urease activity in the 0-20 cm soil layer reaches its maximum during the filling stage,and the phosphatase activity reaches its maximum during the jointing stage.The activity of urease and phosphatase in wheat special fertilizer treatment is higher than that in other treatments,and topdressing with jointing fertilizer can improve urease activity;The peak of Sucrase activity appeared in the green returning period,and the Sucrase activity weakened significantly from the green returning period to the jointing period.After the jointing period,the Sucrase activity tended to be stable.In summary,different types of fertilizers and nitrogen fertilizer operations have different effects on the nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium content and soil enzyme activity during the wheat growth period;Topdressing jointing fertilizer can increase urease activity and slow down the decline trend of Sucrase activity.The urease activity of wheat special fertilizer treatment is higher than that of other fertilizers,the highest at the filling stage,which promotes the absorption of nitrogen by wheat,and increases the number of grains per ear and grain weight of wheat;The Alkaline phosphatase activity of wheat special fertilizer treatment was higher than that of other fertilizers,and the highest activity was at jointing stage,which promoted the absorption of phosphorus by wheat;Taking into account the effects of six different types of fertilizers and three nitrogen fertilizer operations on soil nutrients,enzyme activity,and wheat yield in the lime concretion black soil area of northern Anhui,the optimal fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer operation mode is wheat specific fertilizer+topdressing 75 kg·hm^-2.