| The giant panda is a ancient species with a long history,and it is a unique rare animal in China.As the emblem of world’s endangered animals’ protecting,the value of the giant panda in science and ecological research is hard to measure.However,as the frequent earthquakes in recent years,in particular the influence of the“WenChuan”earthquake happened in 12 th May 2008 and the “LuShan”earthquake happened in 20 th April 2013 led to the high risk to the living environment of the giant panda which almost lives Sichuan,Gansu and Shanxi province.Remote sensing technology has many advantages, such as large observation range, strong timeliness, short cycle, fast data update and so on.GIS has strong processing and analysis ability to geographical spatial information,makes it play an important role in the spatial pattern, suitability assessment.This paper takes Wolong National Nature Reserve as the study area, take the remote sensing data in the year 2010 and year 2015 which before and after Ya’an earthquake as the main data source,using remote sensing and GIS technology to analyze the habitat reserve of giant panda in before and after the earthquake.This paper mainly do the following aspects of research:(1) The land use / cover change before and after the Ya’an earthquake in Wolong nature reserve "4.20". Using the remote sensing data before and after the earthquake as the data source, use maximum likelihood technique to classify the ground in the Wolong Nature Reserve, through the transfer matrix before and after the earthquake to analyze ground cover change, and focus on the analysis of the destruction of the vegetation in the reserve.(2) Habitat suitability assessment of giant panda in Wolong Nature Reserve.Selected six factors:elevation, slope, aspect, water, vegetation coverage,human activities(road)and the staple food bamboo for giant panda. Use the frequency of the appearance of the giant panda marks to determine effects of various natural factors to giant pandas and to determine the parameters of natural factors, use vegetation index to study earthquake before and after forest vegetation coverage changes. And use the analytic hierarchy process to establish the appropriate evaluation system, and evaluate the suitability of the Wolong Nature Reserve before and after the earthquake.(3)Analysis of the effect of earthquake on giant panda habitat. Compared with the giant panda habitat distribution and area changes before and after the earthquake, use the distribution of the earthquake damage area which got by the classification before and after the earthquake, combined with the above two points to analyze the impact of the earthquake on the giant panda’s habitat.The innovation of this paper and the main research results are as follows:(1)Through the classification of remote sensing images of Wolong Nature Reserve before and after the "4.20" Ya’an earthquake and manufacture the transfer matrix,arrive at that during the year 2010 to year 2015 five years, the total area of the grassland reduced 389.019Km2, including 263.1km2 change to the forest, 59.392km2 to bare land,and woodland area increased the 308.584Km2. At the same time,use the change of bare land before and after the earthquake obtained on the earthquake damaged approximate areas which may exist the impact to the living environment of giant panda.(2) Obtain physical factors of the giant pandas likely exist like slope and elevation by traces of giant panda,and introduce vegetation coverage, slope, elevation, water system, human factor(road construction) before and after the earthquake of the Wolong Nature Reserve for giant pandas habitat suitability assessment, find that compare to year2010 before the earthquake,the giant panda suitable habitat area reduced 16.505km2 in the year 2015.(3) Analysis the changes of the area of the earthquake damage and the suitability of the giant panda habitat, and concluded that the "4.20" earthquake affected the giant panda habitat in Wolong Nature Reserve. |
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