| Rattan cane is an important forest product only second to wood and bamboo,which has very high economic value,but it also has several defects like low strength and dimensional stability,and is easily to discolor,decay and burn,so it is urgent to focus on the rattan cane’s modification.In this study,a multi-functional modification technique was explored,to improve rattan cane’s density,dimensional stability,strength,flame resistance,corrosion resistance and decoration performance.The compatibility of melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin(MUF)and different functional agents like dyes,flame retardants and preservatives were mainly studied,the composition of multi-functional modifier was optimized by an orthogonal experiment,and the mechanism of multi-functional modifier was discussed through SEM,FTIR analysis and TG-DSC analysis.The main conclusions of this study are as follows:(1)In this study,MUF resin was modified by polyethylene glycol(PEG),molecular weight of PEG,P/M mole ratio,synthetic process was selected as three factors to carry out an orthogonal experiment L9(34),results showed that the optimum condition of modifying MUF resin by PEG was: PEG-400,P/M mole ratio of 0.2,blending synthesis;after being modified with PEG,MUF resin’s properties like solid content,viscosity,water soluble ratio,and storage life all obviously improved.(2)MUF resin was selected as main agent,physically blending with functional additives like different dyes,fire retardants,and preservatives separately.Considering the compatiblity and stability of compounded solution,and basic proerties of the corresponding treated canes,the functional additives were determined,the dye was acid red 1,the fire retardant and preservative both were boric acid/ borax.(3)The resin concentration,dye concentration,boride concentration and molecular weight of PEG were selected as four factors,and an orthogonal test L9(34)was carried out to optimize the conditions of multi-functional mofication,the range analysis and variance analysis were used to analyze the properties of multi-functional modified canes,based on a comprehensive evaluation,the optimum multi-functional modification condition was: 30% MUF,1% dye,5% boride,and PEG-600;after being modified with optimum multi-functional modifier,the cane’s density increased by 67.17%,its ASE and RWA were both reached over 55%,its MOE,MOR,compressive modulus and compressive strength were increased by 79.81%,59.28%,171.67% and 224.94% separately,its oxygen index improved 56.51%,and the multi-functional canes had good color fastness.(4)SEM analysis discovered that,the multi-functional modifier was well impregnated into the cane,and sufficiently filled in vessels’ cell lumen and around parenchyma cells,the pits and voids of vessels’ cell wall were completely covered with the modifier,thus supporting the cell wall to bear external force,and blocking the transmission route of water inside the cane.(5)FTIR analysis showed that,the spectrogram of muti-functional modified canes was close to MUF modified cane’s,indicating that the mechanism of muti-functional modifier was similar to that of MUF resin,the MUF resin reacted with cane composition,and crosslinked with lignin and cellulose,thusing improving the physical and mecahnical properties of modified canes.(6)Thermo-analysis showed that,the char yield ratio of multi-functional modified canes increased by over 600% compared with untreated canes,indicating that the fire resistance of multi-functional modified canes improved significantly;the TG-DSC curve of multi-functional modified canes were similar to those of MUF-boride modified canes,suggesting that the fire-retartant mechanism of multi-functional modifier was close to that of MUF-boride,the MUF resin and boride(boric acid and borax)both had certain caalytic effect on carbon forming,which could restrain cane’s thermal decomposition,and the stability and oxidative resistance of cane’s residual carbon was improved. |
PDF Full Text Request