| In order to adjust the time to market for citrus fruit, extending the supply period,reaching high quality citrus cultivation in order to gain more economic benefits for the purpose. Xingan in Jiangxi province this research area of citrus cultivation of high quality as a starting point, with precocious Satsuma Mandarin( Citrus unshiu Marc.) As material,from 2014 to 2015, two consecutive years of study under protected cultivation conditions,environmental factors as temperature change effects on fruit quality, research greenhouses and citrus delayed harvest cultivation technology of high quality; Compared with conventional open field cultivation, explore early-maturing Satsuma Mandarin fruit quality in different picking stages of cultivation, thus enabling high quality citrus cultivation to create greater economic benefits. At the same time, by analyzing the effects of room temperature on citrus quality in different shelf life, it can be proved that it can not only get economic benefit, but also can keep the quality of citrus fruit. Finally, through the analysis of economic benefits of delayed harvest, which delayed for citrus harvesting technology to further promote the theoretical and technical support, and the main results are as follows:1. Changes of meteorological factors under delayed harvest of Citrus facilitiesThe test results show that two consecutive years of cultivation can significantly improve the temperature of greenhouse effect. From October 26 to January 26, greenhouse facilities in minimum and maximum temperatures average compared with the open field increase 0.5 ? to 3.5 ? and 3.5 ? to 9.9 ?, greenhouse during most of the highest temperature maintained at 20 ? to 24?, minimum temperature is maintained at 4 ? to10 ?, even though the- 2 ? below the frost weather in the open field, greenhouse still can maintained at 0 ?, can better avoid freezing injury of fruits, the fruit delayed until next January picking. The greenhouse temperature compared with the open field differences with the decrease of temperature and increase in December to January relative during the period of low temperature, soil temperature in the greenhouse to average 0.5 ?to 2.5 ? higher than that in the open field, minimum temperature of 4.8 ?, the root in winter is able to absorb water and nutrients and to further improve the quality of fruit is beneficial. Greenhouse cultivation due to the relatively closed space, so that the relative humidity inside the greenhouse is generally higher than the open field and greenhouse humidity generally maintained at 70% to 85%, the average than the open field to higher5% to 13%; at the same time the greenhouse due to the covering with plastic film, the shed light intensity on average lower than 2000 lx to 20000 lx.2. Changes of fruit quality in different picking periodContinuous two years of research results show that reached the best quality period in January 6, fruit color index averaged 7.86, is compared with the open field and on October26, picking fruit respectively to 0.54 and 5.06 higher, and the difference reached significant level(p < 0.05); Soluble solid matter content to achieve an average of 13.5%, than in open field(12.14%)in the same period and October 26(11.05%), picking fruit respectively1.36% and 2.45%, the difference significant(p < 0.05); Total sugar content to achieve an average of 11.5%, than in open field(10.67%)in the same period and October 26(9.55%),picking fruit respectively, higher than 0.83% and 1.95%, the difference significant(p <0.05); Vitamin C content reached 294 mg / kg, is compared with the open field and on October 26, picking fruit respectively 1.54 mg / kg and 56.9 mg / kg, reached the significant level(p < 0.05); Two fruit peel puffing rate reached an average of 14%; than in open field(10.33%) in the same period and on October 26(3.8%), picking the fruits were higher 3.67% and 10.2%, also reached the significant level(p <0.05).At the same time,titration acid content dropped 0.63%, compared with the same period in open field(0.68%) and October 26(0.71%), picking the fruits were decreased by 0.05% and0.08%, the difference significant(p <0.05).From 2015 to 2016. In January 6, fruit quality reach the best period, flesh of hemicellulose and cellulose content of 10.05 and 8.5 mg / g, compared with October 26,picking fruit were reduced 11.8 and 8.2 mg / g, the difference reached significant level(p <0.05). The content of hemicellulose and cellulose in the peel was 52.5 mg/g and 105.4mg/g, Compared with the fruit harvested in October 26 th, it decreased by 8.33 mg/g and7.1 mg/g, both of which reached significant difference level(p<0.05); Skin of water soluble pectin and pectin content was 6.274 mg / g and 140.08mg/g and the water soluble pectin was compared with the open field increase 30.58 mg / g, reached the significant level(p < 0.05) and pectin content reduced the 5.28 mg / g, the difference was not significant.3. Effects of room temperature on different shelf life of citrus fruitsThe results show that: At room temperature, in the first 84 days of storage, January 6fruit decay rates than January 16 and January 26 reduced by 10% and 13.5%; January 6,fruit soluble solids, soluble sugar, vitamin C content and SOD activity reached maximum value than the other two period postponed 7 days. During the whole storage period were higher than January 16 and January 26, and the change than the other two periods to slow;Acid content during storage of the 84 th day, January 6 the acid content of fruit is 0.32%,with January 16 acid and January 26 for 0.26% than reach the significant differences in level(p <0.05); And January 6 throughout the storage period of soluble solids, sugar, acid,vitamin c, SOD and POD content is higher than the rest of the two periods; At the same time, MDA content in the late period of storage to be significantly lower than the other two periods. Therefore, the shelf life of 6 January fruits better than January 16 and January 26.4. Under delay in greenhouse cultivation of citrus fruit and conventional in harvestedcitrus fruit economic efficiency analysis of economic benefitsThrough two consecutive years of data analysis showed that in January about 1 month to before the Spring Festival this time listed on the citrus fruit can significantly obtain better economic benefits. Among them, for two consecutive years to delay the harvest of fruit more than 50% for quality fruit, priced at 40 yuan /Kg, the remaining 50% to 20 yuan/Kg. In the greenhouse for two consecutive years delay picking conditions and citrus fruit average value compared with conventional open field cultivation increased 0.3583 million yuan / hm2, greatly improves the economic benefits. In a certain geographical area,popularization and application in large area. |
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