Studies On The Integration Of Agricultural Machinery And Agricultural Technology In The Production Process Of Salvla Miltiorrhiza Bge In The West Of Henan Province

Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge is one of the most commonly used traditional Chinese medicinal materials in China.It is widely used and in big demand everywhere.Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge's mechanization level is not high,because there are a lot of planting stages which still rely on manual work to complete.The whole production process is not only complicated but also cost high,the biggest cost is the labor,thus whether medicine enterprises or medicinal herb growers are more reluctant to grow Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.In order to solve the problem of low mechanization on Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge as soon as possible,I went to the company of Chinese traditional medicinal materials planting named Tianfeng especially,which belongs to Sanmenxia city in Henan province,and also went to Fangcheng of Nanyang and Luoning of Luoyang's mang other companies.combining the field research with the literature reviews,comparison and analysis,interview and also a variety of other research approaches,I had a knowledge of the combination and matching situation of agricultural machinery and agricultural technology in the production process of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge of west Henan province represented by Sanmenxia.The investigation results can provide the first-hand information in the process of realizing comprehensive mechanization,and then we can meet the market demand one day.Research results are as follows:From sow to harvest,the whole production process of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge can be roughly divided into four stages,which include raising seedling,transplanting,remove the inflorescence and harvest,also include the middle management measures,such as soil preparation,fertilization,watering,weeding and insecticide-spraying.In terms of the combination degree of agricultural machinery and agricultural technology,both the ridging and harvest' combination degree are high.The harvest machine can dig two ridges' Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge per trip,and according to the local soil's situation,they design the digging depth at 25 cm.Not only ensure the maximization of efficiency,but also minimize the loss rate,realized the high combination of the agricultural machinery and agricultural technology.In terms of the productivity,soil preparation and fertilization are completed by a large rotary tillage fertilizing machine,the efficiency is 5502.8 m2/h,about 45 times that of artificiality;Ridging machine's work efficiency is 7333.7m2/h,about 27.5 times that of theartificiality;laminating machine's work efficiency is 2666.8m2/h,8 times that of artificiality;Spray insecticide use the remote wind sprayer,the efficiency is 133340 m2/h,66 times that of the artificiality;Dig medicine machine's work efficiency is 1000 m2/ h,40 times that of the artificiality.Machinery,therefore,is to a great extent,instead of artificiality and reduce the use of artificiality.In terms of the cost,the total cost is 2000 yuan,of which,the highest is the land rent and harvesting,both are 450 yuan,accounting for 45% of the total cost;Followed by the row weeding,the cost is 250 yuan,accounting for 12.5% of the total cost;Transplanting stage,the cost is 150 yuan,accounting for 7.5% of the total cost.All above manufacturing process almost totally depend on the artificiality,thus,artificiality cost is the main factory of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge' high production cost.In terms of ecological agriculture construction,the remote wind sprayer use less30% pesticide than the common knapsack sprayer,reduced the pesticide residue;Rotary tillage machinery do these two jobs at the same time,it can avoid the fertilizer applicator rolling the soil again.In general,the rational-use of machinery reduce the impact of human factory on the growth of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.Not only reduce the spread of diseases,but also protect arable land,promoting the sustainable development of the production of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.According to the researches above,I found a series of problems: Removing inflorescence is not timely;The cold water cause the Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge seedlings dead;The pest has not been effectively control;After digging the medicine,the machine can not pick up medicine together;The dig loss rate is high;The management is chaotic,and so on.In order to promote the combination of agricultural machinery and agricultural technology in the production process and fully realize mechanization,I also put forward some suggestions:strengthen the connection of agricultural machinery and agricultural technology;the government should pay high attention to the development of agricultural machinery and agricultural technology;cultivate professional talents;promote the mechanization of Traditional Chinese medicine with a kind of economical road;establish a sound long-term mechanism of agricultural mechanization development;develop socialized service system of agricultural machinery and agricultural technology;intensify propaganda,improve the Traditional Chinese medicine mechanization' brand awareness,and so on.