Response Of Different Fertilizing On Growth And Soil Environment Of Sorghum And Corn

Soil fertility is the fundamental resource of agricultural sustainable development,and it is also the comprehensive embodiment of soil physicochemical index and bioactivity.In this research,a field orientation experiment on Sorghum-Maize Rotation was conducted,and 5 treatments were carried out:CK(control check)?IF(chemical fertilizer)?IF+M(chemical fertilizer + organic fertilizer)?IF+M+S(chemical fertilizer&organic fertilizer&straw manure)?M+S(chemical fertilizer&straw manure);The effects of different fertilization conditions on the growth,soil enzyme activity and microbial activity of sorghum and maize were studied.The main research and experimental results are as follows:1)Fertilization could significantly increase the yield of sorghum and Maize.Compared to the control,the range of yield increase of sorghum and Maize in different fertilization levels were 80.6?122.1%,112.2?148.9%,respectively,reaching a significant level.The results showed that the effect of fertilizer applied to maize yield was more significant,and among which IF+M+S treatment was the best.The plant growth and yield of IF+M and IF+M+S treatments were better than those of IF and M+S treatments,mixed application of organic and inorganic fertilizers promote the crop growth,while the treatment of M+S was lower than that of other organic fertilizer treatments,suggesting the importance of inorganic fertilizer in fertilization.2)The effects of different fertilization treatments on soil enzyme activity in different periods of sorghum and maize are relatively similar.Whether the application of inorganic fertilizer,organic fertilizer or straw fertilizer can increase soil enzyme activity.Overall,soil enzyme activity size of treatments in different growth periods can be ranked IF+M+S>IF+M and M+S>IF>CK.The organic fertilizer treatments compared to the inorganic fertilizer treatment(IF),can all improve soil enzyme activity.Among which the IF+M+S treatment is particularly noticeable.Activity of catalase in maize jointing stage and harvest stage,alkaline phosphatase in sorghum jointing stage and harvest stage,urease in sorghum harvest stage,invertase in sorghum jointing stage,flowering stage and harvest stage were all significantly higher than that of inorganic fertilizer treatment.Under different fertilization conditions,effects of catalase and invertase in maize affected by fertilization were greater than that in sorghum,showing a contrast to alkaline phosphatase and urease.3)The AWCD of all fertilization treatments in sorghum and maize increased with time of microbial cultures,so was the capability of utilizing carbon sources.The multiple AWCD values of different fertilization treatment compared to CK in maize on the whole were significantly higher than that of Sorghum,explaining a greater effect of fertilization in maize on soil microbial activity.Soil microbial AWCD values in sorghum and maize are higher at jointing and flowering stages,and they were minimum at harvest stage.The application of organic fertilizer or application combined with inorganic fertilizer can improve the soil microbial community functional diversity and the capability of utilizing carbon sources.While the soil microbes capability of utilizing carbon sources under IF treatment and CK treatment was of no significant difference.It can be concluded from the sorghum and maize jointing stage,treatments containing organic fertilizer and straw manure were more conducive to improve soil microbial diversity than other organic fertilizer treatments.4)Soil enzyme activities were positively correlated with yield and soil microbes in sorghum and maize.Among which,the correlation between soil catalase and other three kinds of enzyme activity was poor,while other enzyme activity correlated well.The alkaline phosphatase and urease activity in sorghum and maize were both significantly correlated.Soil enzyme activities were positively correlated with soil nutrient and crop yield in different degrees.Except for catalase,the other three kinds of soil enzyme activity were positively related to microbial functional diversity,especially the alkaline phosphatase and urease,which shows a significant correlation.The correlation between soil invertase and microorganism in sorghum is better than that in maize,meanwhile,the correlation between sorghum invertase activity and microbial diversity index H and S also reached a significant level.