| Fokienia hodginsii(Dunn)Henry et Thomas is a single plant of the genus Fokienia hodginsii,which is a rare native and endangered tree species in China.In present study,24 Fokienia hodginsii families from 4 provinces were selected as the research material to analyze morphological parameters,physiological parameters and relevant geographical factors using analysis of variation and correlation.For comprehensive evaluation of those families,principal component analysis method was performed and genetic diversity of 24 Fokienia hodginsii half-sib families was analyzed by ISSR markers.The main study results are as follows:1.The SH family has the most outstanding performance on the seedling height and ground diameter with values of 18.26 cm,2.83 mm respectively,which is 21.57%and 35.41%higher than the average values of population;the MHY1 families has the worst performance on the seedling height and ground diameter with the values of 13.08 cm,1.70 mm respectively,which is 22.92%and 28.67%lower than the average value of population.2.From different biomass parameters of 24 Fokienia hodginsii families,the average values of total fresh weight,total dry weight,aboveground fresh weight,aboveground fresh weight,underground fresh weight and underground dry weight of family SH showed maximum with the value of 4.90 g,1.36g,4.01g,1.16 g,0.89 g and 0.21 g,respectively,which is 159.09%,137.50%,156.64%,156.76%,174.51%and 175.00%higher than average value of population;the total fresh weight,aboveground fresh weight and underground fresh weight of MHY2 family showed minimum with the value of 1.43 g,1.20 g and 0.05 g,respectively,which is 46.43%,46.88%and 41.67%lower than average value of the population;whose value of the total dry weight and aboveground dry weight of HSY3 family showed minimum with the value of 0.39 g and 0.34 g,respectively,which is 45.88%and 45.95%lower than average value of the population;the underground fresh weight of YTY3 family performed minimum value,with 0.2 g,and 39.22%low-er than average value of the population.3.the GDY8 family showed maximum ratio of underground fresh/aboveground fresh and underground dry/aboveground dry with value of 0.2789 and 0.2859,respectively,indicating most significant underground biomass accumulation of the family;the GJY1 showed minimum ratio of underground fresh/aboveground fresh and underground dry/aboveground dry with value of 0.1584 and 0.1239 respectively,indicating most significant aboveground biomass accumulation of the family;meantime,the GDY7 performed highest water content in the aboveground part with minimum ratio of total dry/fresh(0.2325),while the GNY1 showed highest water content in the underground part with maximum ratio of total dry/fresh(0.7573).4.The correlation analysis of growth parameters of 24 Fokienia hodginsii families showed that seedling height was merely correlated with ground diameter extremely significant with coefficient 0.585;the ground diameter was extremely significantly correlated with several biomass parameters,but the correlation coefficient is only range from 0.246 to 0.300;correlation between biomass parameters are extremely significant with coefficient all above 0.65.5.SH has the best performance in the root length(242.77 cm),root surface area(58.80 cm2),root volume(1.14 cm3)and tip number(146.60),YTY3 has the worst performance in root surface area(9.48 cm2),average root diameter(0.54 mm),root volume(0.13 cm3)and tip number(48.00),while GNY1 showed maximum root average diameter with 0.90 mm;MHY2 has the worst performance in root length(53.41 cm);the correlat-ion coefficient between root average diameter and root tip number was lowest at 0.137;the correlation between other parameters are extremely positive significant,and the coefficient between root volume and root surface ares was highest with 0.985.6.GLY3 was observed highest level in total chlorophyll,chloroph-yll a and chlorophyll b with 1.76 mg·g-1,0.59 mg·g-1 and 2.34 mg·g-1 res-pectively;MHY2 was observed lowest level in those chlorophyll parameters with 0.66 mg·g-1,0.24 mg·g-1 and 0.89 mg·g-1,respectively;those chlorophyll level of SY is most unbalanced,and variated by 34.78%,32.69%and 34.23%,respectively.7.Geographic variation pattern of root length and chlorophyll content is random variation,and geographical factors have no significant correlation with root length and chlorophyll content;there was significant correlation between seedling height and mean annual temperature,as well as correlation between ground diameter and the annual frost free period,with coefficient 0.212,0.213 respectively,which indicated that seedling height was increases with mean annual temperature rised,and the diameter was increases with annual frost free period extended;geographic variation pattern of biomass is belongs to the latitude gradient type,which means that the biomass will decreases with the increase of latitude.there is extremely significant correlation between seedling traits and latitude with the coefficient by-0.264,-0.261,-0.267,-0.239 and-0.417 resp-ectively,except for aboveground dry weight;the correlation between tip number and latitude,longitude is extremely significant with coefficients by-0.269 and-0.267,indicating that tip number decreases with the inc-rease of latitude or longitude;the root surface area,average root diameter and total root volume are significantly correlated with the average annual temperature with coefficient by 0.258,0.392 and 0.283,indicating those 3 parameters will increase with the increase of the annual mean temperature;the levels of soluble protein,CAT,and MDA are significantly correlated with annual frost-free period with coefficient by-0.330,0.369,0.292,indicating that with the frost-free period extended,the level of CAT activity and MDA was observed with increasing trend,while the soluble protein showed opposite trend;the level of SOD was significantly negative correlated with latitude variation and the coefficient is-0.405.8.24 progeny families are analyzed using principal component analysis method for comprehensive evaluation.The result showed that SH is the the highest rank family with PCA score by 8.240,the second is GLY3 with score by 5.337;these families have prominent performance in terms of growth,biomass and root parameters,which can be used as a breeding research progeny;the lower scores are MHY2,YTY2 and YTY3,which do not meet the selection requirements.9.The ISSR amplification of 24 DNA samples from Fokienia hodginsii families by 16 primers,which screened from the 100 common ISSR primers,has detected 215 loci in total.Among which,190 loci are polymorphic,the percentage of polymorphic loci is 86.74%;on average,each primer amplified 13.44 loci and polymorphic loci 11.88,PPB range from 57%to 100%;The molecular weight of the amplified DNA fragment are between 250 and 2000 bp.10.Analyzes showed that the number of alleles(Na),effective number of alleles(Ne),Nei's gene diversity(h),Shannon's information index(I),and total gene diversity(Ht)of 24 progeny families was 1.8837,1.3895,0.2455,0.3853,and 0.2455 respectively;meatime,the genetic similarity coefficient among these families is ranges from 0.58 to 0.87 and the average value is 0.72;genetic distance is ranges from 0.16 to 0.46 and the average value is 0.15.11.3 provenances of Fokienia hodginsii in Fujian Province was detected 131 loci,and PPB is 60.93%.Polymorphic loci of those 3 provenances was ranged from 75 to 107,with average value of 92.The average value of PPB is 42.33%.The value of Na,Ne,h,I,Ht,gene diversity within populations(Hs),co-efficient of gene differentiation(Gst)and gene flow(Nm)was 1.6093,1.3592,0.2107,0.3161,0.1844,0.0985,0.4660,and 0.5730 respectively;the genetic similarity and genetic distance is range from 0.8489 to 0.9804 and 0.0960 to 0.1638,with the average value of 0.9016,0.1309.12.Average PPB value of Fokienia hodginsii in 4 province group is 55.00%,which amplified 190 polymorphic loci in total and PPB of 4 provenances is 88.37%with polymorphic loci range from 77 to 159.The value of Na,Ne,h,I,Ht,Hs,Gst and Nm was 1.7395,1.4379,0.2526,0.3776,0.2385,0.1544,0.3524,and 0.9187 respectively;the genetic similarity and genetic distance is range from 0.8263 to 0.9577 and 0.0432 to 0.1908 with the average value of 0.1148,0.8935.13.The fingerprint is constructed by primers UBC808,UBC811,UBC836,UBC840,UBC841,UBC855 and UBC873,which can effecti-vely identify 24 families.14.The materials can be divided into 3 categories by L1:the first category contains 21 families;while GDY9 and GJY1 were included in second class which all from Guangxi Province;HSY2 from Hunan Province was clustered separately. |
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