| In this experiment, fifteen morphological characters (the shape of fruit, the color of the flower, the color of leaf, the color of the plant stem, the first flowering node, plant height, stem width, the fruit length, the fruit width, pulp thickness, weight of single fruit of green-ripening and red-ripening) were investigated in 40 kinds of Chilies. At the same time, three isozymes (Perxidase (POD), Polyphenol oxidase (PPO), Esterase (EST)) were studied for Chilies materials. It will get help from morphological marker and isozyme marker. We use cluster analysis study the kinship of participants chilies. which were classified at the same time. It will provide a theoretical reference for the breeding of chilies in the future. The main research results are as follows:Three kinds of isozymes for the chilies materials used in experiments in different periods and parts were analyzed. It is concluded that, when we analyzed three kinds of isozymes, flower,flower stalk, receptacle, young leaf, stem, bud, root could be used as POD isozyme and PPO isozyme sample. The best sample was young leaf of 10 true leaf period. Among them, the effect with flowers for the sampling of esterase isozyme analysis less than 10 true leaf stage. Stems and old leaves are not suitable for 3 kinds of isozymes analysis, which not only stripe rarely, but also isozyme activity are low. The young leaf of 10 function true leaf stage could be used as the samples of chilies POD isozyme, PPO isozyme and EST isozyme. Using morphological marker, the chilies materials could be divided into 4 categories and 1 independent branch on similarity coefficient of 0.19.The first class include seven varieties:No.1-Paojiao07-4-10-1-1-1-1, No.6 Pao-jiao-07-2-3-2-1-1-1-1, No.26-H8-1-4-1-1-1-1(1), No.32-Hp-82-1-2-1-1. No.33-od pepper-3-1-1-1-1-1. No.35-chili09-6-1-1-1-2(1), No.37-chili09-6-1-3-1-2, their color of flower and leaf and stem are the same.the color of flower is white and purple,, the color is green,the color of stem is green and purple.The second class include twenty-seven varieties. It can be divided into subclasses on similarity coefficient of 0.21. The first subclasses include No.2-Paojiao 07-4-6-1-6-1-1, No.3-Paojiao 07-4-6-1-3-3-1-2, No.25-L1 4-2-1-2-2-1-1, No.24-L14-2-1-2-1-1-1, their color of flower and leaf and stem are the same, the color of flower is white, the color of leaf is green, the color of stem is green. The second subclasses include No.4-Paojiao07-4-6-1-3-3-1-3. No.5-Paojiao 07-2-3-3-1-2-1-1.No.17-L2-7-2-9-2-7-1-1(2), No.23-L13single-1-1-2.No.15-L2-7-2-9-2-1-1-2.No.28-H24-1-1-1-1-4-1-1.No.36-Chili09-6-1-2-1-2,No.7-L1-5-7--1-3-1-2-1-1. No.12-L2-7-1-1-1-1-2-2-1(1). No.20-L10-9-1-1-1-5-1-1. No.22-individual plant-1-1-1. No.38-Chili09-6-1-4-1-1. No.14-L2-7-1-1-2-1-1-1. No.16-L2-7-2-9-2-5-1-2. No.19-L10-9-1-1-1-4-1-1. No.21-L10-9-1-1-1-6-1-1.No.40-Chuannong Picked ChiliNi1-1,their color of flower and leaf and stem are the same.they are white and green and green,fruit type is the same.all are tapered fruit,also close to blossom in first section a.The third subclasses include No.8-L1-5-7-1-3-2-1-1-2,No.10-L2-7-1-1-1-1-2-1-2.No.10-L2-7-1-1-1-1-2-1-2,No.11-L2-7-1-1-1-1-2-1-5(1),their color of flower and leaf and stem are the same,fruit shape all are small short cone,also close to the first flowering node and stem width.the fourth subclasses include No.30-H26-1-1-30-1-1-1,No.39-Fall Chili N098-1-3-2-1-1,their fruit shape are the same,all are line font,close to four indicator on pulp thickness of(green-ripening and red-ripening)and plant height, stem width,1 copy of the material in the second category of material formed an ind--pendent branch,No.18-L10-3-1-1-2-3-1-1-1's fruit shape is a handful of column.The third class include three varieties:No-29-H26-1-1-2-1-1-1,No.34-chung state picked chilies,No.31-H26-1-6-1-1-1,their color of flower and leaf and stem are the same,the color of flower is white,leaf is green,stem is green and purple,close to the first flowering node and plant height.In addition,one material formed a separate branch:No.13-L2-7-1-1-1-1-3-1-1,in addition to the leaf color is the same as most of the materials.the color of flower is unique in purple,stem color is purple in all materials.this makes the material is divided in to 13 for a class,with other materials related far.Using isozyme marker can sift chilies materials divide into 4 categories and 3 independent branch on similarity coefficient of 0.794.The firs classes included fourteen varieties.It can be divided into subclasses on similarity coefficient of 0.85.the first subclasses included No.1-Paojiao07-4-10-1-1-1-1,No.2-Paojiao07-4-6-1-6-1-1(3),No.12-L2-7-1-1-1-1-2-2-1(1),No.20-L10-9-1-1-1-5-1-1,No.18-L10-3-1-1-2-3-1-1-1,No.11-L2-7-1-1-1-1-2-1-5(1),No.22-L13single plant-1-1-1,their color of flower and leaf and stem are the same,the color of flower is white,the color is green,the color of stem is green.the second subclasses include No.33- Capsicum frute-scens var-3-1-1-1-1-1, No.35-Chili09-6-1-1-1-2(1), No.34-chung state Picked pepper,No.40 chuannong Picked pepper No 1-1,they are close to the first flowering node and pulp thickness and fruit length and stem width.the third subclasses include No.10-L2-7-1-1-1-1-2-1-2,No.28-H24-1-1-1-1-4-1-1,No.L2-7-1-1-2-1-1-1,they are close to the first flowering node and the color of flower,leaf and stem.The second classes include four varieties:No.9-L2-7-1-1-1-1-1-1-3(1),No.13-L2-7-1-1-1-1-3-1-1,No.19-L10-9-1-1-1-4-1-1,No.15-L2-7-2-9-2-1-1-2,the fruit shape is the similar,all are tapered fruit.The third classes include sixteen varieties. It can be divided into subclasses on similarity coefficient of 0.885.the first suclasses include o.3-Paojiao07-4-6-1-3-3-1-2. No.4-Paojiao07-4-6-1-3-3-1-3,No.36-Chili09-6-1-2-1-2,No.8-L1-5-7-1-3-2-1-1-2,No. 38-Chili09-6-1-4-1-1,No.6-Paojiao07-2-3-2-1-1-1-1,No.17-L2-7-2-9-2-7-1-1(2),No.3 2-Hp-82-1-2-1-1, No.39-Fall Chili98#-1-3-2-1-1, No.5-Piaojiao07-2-3-3-1-2-1-1, No. L2-7-2-9-2-5-1-2,No.27-H24-1-1-1-1-2-1-1,No.31-H26-1-6-1-1-1,No.31-Chili09-6-1-3-1-2, their color of leaf are the same,all are green, close to fruit shape and stem width.The second subclasses include No.29-H26-1-1-2-1-1-1, No.30-H26-1-1-3-1-1-1, their color of flower and leaf are the same, flower is white, leaf is green, close to the first flowering node and plant height and pulp thickness.The fourth classes include three varieties:No.23-L13 single plant-1-1-2,No.24-L 14-2-1-2-1-1-1,No.25-L14-2-1-2-2-1-1,their color of flower and leaf and stem are the same,close to fruit shape and the first flowering node.In addition,three materials formed three separate branch:they are No.21-L10-9-1-1-1-6-1-1,No.7-L1-5-7-1-3-1-2-1-1,No.26-H8-1-4-1-1-1(1).No.21-L10-9-1-1-1-6-1-l's purple thickness is thinner, the first flowering node is smaller, fruit width is bigger. No.7-L1-5-7-1-3-1-2-1-l's first flowering node is bigger, stem width is smaller.No.26-H8-1-4-1-1-1-1(1)'s first flowering node is smaller,purple thickness is thicker, plant height is smallest in all varieties.Morphology and isozyme analysis of clustering results exist certain differences. because isozyme analysis was come from protein, but molecular level is based on the genetic variation of biological groups, which is the product of plant's gene expression.Therefor,different development period and sampling locating will affect it. The result of the morphological markers from plant phenotypic analysis, greatly influenced by the environment. Quality character and quantity character properties also is varied, select different perspective and research the character of different also can make the result is relatively large differences. So,morphological combine with molecular markers can be more in-depth study of Chili germplasm resources. |
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