| Plant Factory is the highest form of modern agriculture,and when leafy vegetables are cultivated,management of light,temperature,water,fertilizer,Carbon dioxide and system of plant factory are mainly operated through intelligent control systems and plant physiological growth detection systems:The environment of plant growth such as light?light spectral,photosynthetic photon plux density?PPFD? and Photoperiod?,temperature,humidity,nutrient solution and the concentration of carbon dioxide and other environmental conditions are automatic controlled by computer,planting density of leafy vegetables in the high-cost factory cultivation also affected vegetable production.Among these elements,the light element is the greatest factor affecting the plant,and the most energy-consuming elements,now more LEDs are used as plant growth lamp.As plant growth necessary environmental factors,light affected plant growth and development are mainly through light spectral and photosynthetic photon flux density?PPFD?;fertilizer management technology is a major factor in plant factories,directly related to crop growth and quality.In this paper,Non-heading Chinese cabbage was taken as mode of leafy vegetables,and large leaf garland chrysanthemum,lettuce and endive were representative for leafy vegetables,these four kinds of vegetables were taken as material,to study the effects of growth and development of leafy vegetables in different substrates and nutrient solution,light?spectral and PPFD? and planting density,to find out suitable substrates and nutrient solution,light?spectral and PPFD? and planting density for industrialized cultivation of leafy vegetables.Main research results were as follows:1.Effects of different substrates on growth of Non-heading Chinese cabbage was investigated,the results showed that biomass of Non-heading Chinese Cabbage in leafy vegetable seedling substrates were the maximum,while the maximum pigment content was in vermiculite:perlite:peat:herb residue = 1:1:1:2,the best substrates is leafy vegetable seedling substrate.2.Effects of different nutrient solution on growth of Non-heading Chinese cabbage was investigated,the results showed that the highest biomass and pigment content of Non-heading Chinese Cabbage is in Hoagland and Armon generic formulations,other treatments were significantly lower than it,and the suitable nutrient solution is Hoagland and Amon generic formulations.In the test,compared to hydroponic,substrates cultivation was more convenient and stable,so we selected leafy vegetable substrates as test material.3.Effects of different spectral on growth of Non-heading Chinese cabbage was investigated,the results showed that under RB31 treatment,vegetables morphology and root grew best and had the maximum biomass,the quality indicators were the best,the pigment content of non-heading Chinese cabbage under RB11 treatment was the highest,and other indicators were high.So the most suitable spectral of the five varieties non-heading Chinese cabbages is the red and blue ratio of 3:1 LEDs.4.Effects of different PPFD on growth of non-heading Chinese cabbage was investigated,the results showed that the growth and quality of non-heading Chinese cabbage under PPFD of 200 ?mol·m-2·s-1 were the best,and under PPFD of 300?mol·m-2·s-1,non-heading Chinese cabbages were under photooxidative stress;The PPFD of 200 ?mol·m-2·s-1 which could promote the growth of Non-heading Chinese cabbage and improve their quality.5.Effects of different spectral on growth of non-heading Chinese cabbage under photooxidative stress was investigated,the results showed that in plant factory,red and far-red LEDs and green LEDs treatments can induce shade avoidance phenomenon,ease symptoms of photooxidation,played the same effect of natural light,while in the blue LEDs treatment,symptoms of photooxidation has not been alleviated.During the lighting,additional far-red LED and green LED,can slow or cure photooxidative stress of leafy vegetables,which can enhance the photo synthetic capacity,and prohibit photooxidative phenomenon.There are good prospects which applied in cultivation.6.Effects of different plant density on growth of non-heading Chinese cabbage was investigated,the results showed that:In our tests,when plant density was 12.5cm,non-heading Chinese cabbage had the highest yield per plant,pigment content and the nutritional quality were the highest and output were high;and in the 7.5cm treatment,the maximum density,Output was the highest,but the yield and quality were low per plant,it is suitable for early harvest,and the suitable plant density was 12.5cm per plant for cultivation in plant factory. |
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