Epiphytic Bryophytes Species Diversity Of Forest Ecological Systems In The Ancient Rock Stream Periglacial Landforms Of Liaoning Eastern Mountains

The ancient rock stream periglacial landforms are widely distributed in Liaoning Eastern Mountains gully area,and the bryophytes developed in the landforms play an important role in maintaining the stability of the rock stream periglacial geomorphologic environment.Based on the survey data of the bryophytes on the 9 forest community sample areas(20 m × 30 m)of the ancient rock stream periglacial landforms and the analysis of floristics as well as the flora components of the bryophytes,made quantitative research for the diversity of species and its influence factors of stone and tree epiphytes in broadleaved deciduous forest,theropencedrymion and the dark coniferous forest on the ancient rock stream periglacial landforms by using the richness of species as well as the diversity indexes of ? and ?.The results are as follows:(1)The epiphytic bryophytes in the ancient rock stream periglacial landforms are totaled to 26 families,46 genera and 59 species,among them including 54 species in 42 genera of 22 families mosses and 5 species in 4 genera of 4 families liverworts,among which 66.67%dominant families and 75.00% dominant species are hygrophilous mosses.(2)As to geographical elements in forest ecological systems of the ancient rock stream periglacial landforms in Liaoning Eastern Mountains,North temperate is dominant(40.68%of the total element)with Cosmopolitan the second place(20.34% of the total element)and East Asia the third place(15.25% of the total element),and the result shows the floral elements' obvious temperate nature.(3)The thickness and coverage of stone epiphytic bryophytes in dark coniferous forest are the highest and its biomass in dark coniferous forest is the lowest respectively in forest ecological systems of the ancient rock stream periglacial landforms;the thickness,biomass and coverage of tree epiphytic bryophytes in dark coniferous forest are the highest;the thickness and coverage of stone epiphytic bryophytes in different forest types are twice as large as tree epiphytic bryophytes;the thickness,biomass and coverage of tree epiphytic bryophytes in the main 13 arbor species are greater on the broad-leaved trees than needle-leaved trees,and tree epiphytic bryophytes are tend to born on the trunk and bare roots of broad-leaved trees.(4)The richness of species and ? diversity indexes of stone and tree epiphytic bryophytes in different forest types ranked respectively as dark coniferous forest >theropencedrymion >broad leaved deciduous forest;the ? diversity indexes of stone epiphytic bryophytes in different forest types are the highest between theropencedrymion anddark coniferous forest(0.44),and the lowest between broad-leaved deciduous forest and dark coniferous forest(0.33);the ? diversity indexes of tree epiphytic bryophytes in different forest types are the highest between theropencedrymion and dark coniferous forest(0.40),and the lowest(0.25)between broad-leaved deciduous forest and dark coniferous forest;the Shannon-weiner index and Simpson index of stone epiphytic bryophytes among the bryophytes inserted in the same forest type are obviously greater than tree epiphytic bryophytes,and the Pielou index is opposite;the richness of species and Shannon-weiner index and Simpson index of the bryophytes of different arbor species are highest on Tilia amurensis Rupr.(25,0.94 and 3.04),the Pielou index is highest on Fraxinus mandshurica Ruprecht(1.13),and the richness of species and ? diversity indexes are lowest on Syringa reticulata var.mandshurica(Maxim.)and Sorbus alnifolia(Sieb.et Zucc.)K.Koch;the highest ? diversity index between different arbor species is Tilia amurensis Rupr.and Abies nephrolepis(Trautv.)Maxim.(0.33),and the common tree epiphytic bryophytes species of them are 11.(5)Correlation analysis showed that the important factors affecting the species diversity of epiphytic bryophytes are canopy,altitude,the thickness and coverage of stone and tree epiphytic bryophytes in the forest ecological system on ancient rock stream periglacial landforms in Liaoning East Mountains.Besides,the richness of species and ?diversity indexes of stone epiphytic bryophytes have smaller correlation with gravel fabric characteristics,gradient and slope of the ancient rock stream periglacial landforms;the richness of species and ? diversity indexes of tree epiphytic bryophytes are positively correlated with epiphytic bryophytes' arbor diameter at breast height,average height and attachment rate of mosses.