Genetic Diversity And Fruit Component Analysis Of Shaanxi Aamelanchier Sinica

Wild species usually contain more abundant genetic variation than cultivated varieties,which are valuable resources for breeding.Our country has wide distribution and large abundance of germplasm resources of Amelanchier sinica.A.sinica(Rosaceae)is also known as Fuyi,Hongxunzi,and it is a dungarunga.Its average height is 3~15 m.This species is mainly distributed in the hillsides or shrubs in Henan,Gansu,Shaanxi,Hubei and Sichuan provinces,among others,at an altitude of 1 000~2 000 m.The fruit of A.sinica is a nutrient-rich pome.At present,A.sinica is still in a wild state and has not been widely exploited.The study of genetic diversity and the analysis of fruit component of A.sinica has not been reported.In this work,the DNA-AFLP technique was used to characterize genetic diversity and the genetic structure of 6 natural populations of A.sinica in Shaanxi,revealing the genetic basis of germplasm resources and laying the foundation for the origin and evolution of A.sinica in Shaanxi.The results will provide some practical guidance for the protection,development and utilization of germplasm resources of A.sinica in Shaanxi.At the same time,composition and antioxidant capacity of flavonoids ethanol extracted of the fruit was measured,and extraction conditions of flavonoids was optimized in fruit.The main results of research were as follows:(1)Eight primers with strong polymorphism and good repeatability were identified from 64 AFLP primers,generating a total of 277 bands,of which 116(42.86%)showed polymorphism.Among the six populations,the observed number of alleles(Na)was 1.159,the effective number of alleles(Ne)was 1.173,Nei’s genetic diversity was 0.045,and Shannon’s information index was 0.069.(2)The results indicated that the 6 wild populations of A.sinica in Shaanxi Province were divided into two groups.There was obvious genetic differentiation between north and south in the Qinling Mountains,and there was some gene flow among the populations.37% of genetic variation is derived from among populations and that 63% is derived from within populations of A.sinica.There was no significant correlation between geographical distance and genetic distance of the wild populations of A.sinica in Shaanxi Province(3)The results of fruit nutrition analysis indicated that the fruit of A.sinica was a nutrient-rich pome,In addition to the essential nutrients of the human body,it rich in trace elements that include Ca,K,Na,Mg,Zn and so on,especially had the higher Ca,K,Mg content(3 166.5 mg·kg-1,4 259.07 mg·kg-1 and 627.18 mg·kg-1).(4)The optimal extraction conditions: ethanol concentration 40%,solid-liquid ratio 1:40(g·mL-1),extraction temperature 70℃,ultrasonic power 350 W,and extraction time 30 min.The obtained extract had a better scavenging effect against ABTS· 、DPPH· and ·OH.