Design Of Orchard Ditching-fertilizing Machinery And Research Of Experiment

Fertilization is an important working procedure of orchard production management,The growth of the fruit tree and the quality and yield of the fruit are affected directly by the reasonable or not of the fertilization.Now,the orchard fertilization technology in China mainly include the integration of water and fertilizer technology and mechanical ditching-fertilizing technology.With the increasing of fruit yield and orchard area,orchard production management modernization will be the current trend.Most of the existing orchard fertilization machine adopts the traditional strip fertilization,and it has many disadvantages which involve high power consumption,low efficiency,low utilization rate of fertilizer,fertilizer depth and position can't meet the agronomic requirements.A novel orchard ditching and fertilizing machine is designed in this paper,this machine integrated with ditching fertilizing and covering and it can realize the curve ditching,fertilizer and organic fertilizer could be fertilized in the same time.The designed machine can effectively solve this problems such as high power consumption,low efficiency,low utilization rate of fertilizer.The main work and conclusions of this dissertation are as follows:(1)Orchard ditching and fertilizing machine is designed based on the field research and deep analysis of the existing orchard ditching and fertilizing machinery at home and abroad,then the basic structure parameters were determined.with the orchard ditching and fertilizing agronomic requirements,the final design is determined through comparative analysis of several schemes.(2)The design of key parts.A vertical rotary tillage ditching components and fertilizer organic fertilizer device are designed.In order to realize the curve ditching,the telescopic arm,telescopic coupling,hydraulic cylinder are designed.The designed components can effectively solve this problems of high power consumption,low efficiency,low utilization rate of fertilizer.Finally,the 3D modeling of each component and the whole machine are virtual assembled by 3D design software Creo,the results show no interference.(3)The design and fabricated of vertical rotary ditching test equipment.In order to verify the rationality of the vertical rotary tillage curve ditching mode,investigate the effect of ditching,and determine the best working parameters of vertical rotary tillage ditching,Through the comparison of several schemes,the vertical rotary tilling and fertilizing test device were designed,and the feasibility of vertical rotary furrow fertilization model is analyzed through the EDEM software.Finally the test equipment was fabricated.(4)Soil bin experiment.The experiment of vertical rotary tillage ditching is carried out in the digital soil bin test platform.The results show that the model of vertical rotary tillage curve ditching is reasonable,the ditching effect is good,the soil disturbance is small,and the power of output shaft and the tractor traction resistance is minimum with the speed of the rotary blade 330 r/min,speed 0.703 km/h,rotary blade number 3,the rotating diameter 300 mm.And the designed machine has good stability.(5)The optimization of the machine.The structure and transmission system of the whole machine are optimized on the basis of the experiment results.