Investigation Of Tobacco Pests And Study On Its Control Strategy In Longyan Area

The tobacco economy is an important composition of agricultural economy.Fujian is one of the major provinces for tobacco cultivation,including tree dominant areas of culture tobacco,Nanping prefecture,Sanming prefecture and Longyan prefecture.Investigation on the types and occurrence of tobacco pests in tobacco-planting areas can provide the important directing roles for control tobacco pests.The investigation of tobacco pests and study of control techniques were conducted in Longyan tabacco-planting area at the year of 2013-2015.The results show that there are 15 kinds of tobacco infectious diseases,among which there are 3 kinds of viruses:tobacco mosaic virus(TMV),tobacco cucumber mosaic virus(CMV),tobacco potato virus Y(PVY);3 types of tobacco bacterial diseases:tobacco bacterial wilt,tobacco hollow stalk,Tobacco wild fire;9 main types of fungus diseases:tobacco brown spot,tobacco anthracnose,tobacco powdery mildew,tobacco grey mold,tobacco sooty mold,tobacco fusarium root rot,tobacco black shank,tobacco phyllosticta leaf spot.The main diseases were tobacco virus diseases(TMV,CMV,PVY),tobacco bacterial wilt,Tobacco brown spot.2013?2015 years the incidence rate of TMV and CMV were 4.91%?19.15%,the disease index were 1.493-8.347.The incidence of PVY were 0.56%?1.43%,the disease index were 0.360?0.444.Tobacco bacterial wilt were heavy damages,the annual incidence of 2013?2015 year were 13.30%,7.24%and 2.08%.but showed a declining trend.Incidence of Tobacco hollow stalk respectively was 1.23%and 3.95%,1.27%.The incidence of tobacco brown spot was 10.34%,8.59%and 6.40%in 2013?2015.years and showed the decreasing trend year by year,this trend relating to early transplanting of tobacco seedling.There were 11 of types noninfectious diseases were recorded among there were 5 types of Phytotoxicity:quinclorac,glyphosate,acetochlor,flumetralin,pendimethalin;there were 6 types of climate diseases and calamities:tobacco weather fleck,cold injury,sunscald,storm wind,drowning,hail injury.There are 10 kinds of main pests and soft animal:Myzus persicae,Agrotis ipsilon,Heliothis assulta,Prodenia litura,Bemisia tabaci,Nezara viridula,grubs,mole crickets,wild slugs,snails.The chief injurious insects were Myzus persicae,Agrotis ipsilon,Prodenia litura.Myzus persicae feeding the tobacco leaf and transmitted virus disease.In 2013-2015 Myzus persicae strain rate were 25%,20%,9.47%,damage showed trend of decrease year by year.Heliothis assulta is harmful to tobacco leaf,and the rate of insect is between 2.22%-5.33%.The harm degree of Bemisia tabaci and Agrotis ipsilon is lesser,and the rate of insect is less than 0.06%.The experiment results show the increased application of organic fertilizer combined with sand,has a certain role in promoting and improving resistance of tobacco plant,land reform after sand tobacco rhizome diseases pathogenesis,to land reform after the land with 200 acres of sand dissolved kg Grassland "pure sheep manure is more obvious than that control,low incidence rate of 3%,the incidence of Tobacco brown spot than that of control was lower 1.5%.Through the development of Aphidius gifuensis biological control technology application,the control efficiency reached 70%for Myzus persicae at 2013?2015 years.There were the natural enemies of Myzus persicae as Aphidius gifuensis,Chrysopa pallens,Hylyphentes graminicola,Misumena tricuspidatus,Scaeva pyrastri in the tobacco fields.Therefore,the agricultural technology and the biological technology has a certain role in the control of tobacco pests.