Pseudophcopteron Alstonium Yang&Li Adaptation To Alstonia Scholaris' Latex Chemical Defense

Alstonia scholaris has an important value,but it has been plagued by pest problems,not only greatly reduced the ornamental value of the Alstonia scholaris,but also affected the use value and medicinal value.The nymphs of Pseudophacopteron alstonium are mainly parasitized on the leaves of the Alstonia scholaris,while the latex of the leaves contains a large number of substances with anti-inflammatory bactericidal effect,such as pentacyclic triterpenoid glycosides and sterols.How can the nymphs of the Pseudophacopteron alstonium grow on the rich latex of the leaves without being affected?At present,the law of the outbreak and the morphology of insect pests of Pseudophacopteron alstonium have been studied,and there is no report on evolution research on the adaptability of Pseudophacopteron Alstonium and Alstonia Scholars' latexd defense.In this paper,we studied the Pseudophacopteron Alstonium and its host plants-Alstonia scholaris,explore the law of the related metabolic enzymes in vivo and breathing changes after the Pseudophacopteron alstonium feed the secondary metabolites of the Alstonia Scholars-latex and asiaticoside,reveal the effects of Pseudophacopteron Alstonium on the secretion and composition of host Alstonia Scholars'latex.It has a great theoretical significance toclarify the evolution mechanism of the Pseudophacopteron Alstonium could adapt to the Alstonia Scholars,deepen the understanding of the latex defense system of the Alstonia Scholars and prevent the Pseudophacopteron Alstonium in agriculture and forestry.The test results are as follows:A.Compare with the changes in latex secretion in different seasons between Alstonia Scholars' without insect gall growing leaves and growing insects gall leaves,we found that the latex secretion of no insect gall leaves is more than insect gall leaves';Latex content is the most abundant in the summer from June to August.B.The Pseudophacopteron Alstonium's larvae which parasitics on the Alstonia Scholars' leaves will affect the changes in the composition of the Alstonia Scholars' latex,and make the macromolecules cracking such as Asiaticoside and Lupinus-20(29)-ene-3-palmitate.After eating the Alstonia Scholars,latex,the total ion current map of the composition in the adults Pseudophacopteron Alstonium is fimilar to the Alstonia Scholars latex's.C.After Pseudophacopteron Alstonium eating the Alstonia Scholars'latex,the three detoxification enzymes,acetylcholinesterase,phosphatase and polyphenol oxidase,will immediately play a role.Enzyme activity increased.The two detoxifications,glutathione-S-transferase and carboxyl esterase enzyme activity and play a role after the louse eating the latex for a long time;There will active enhancement phenomenon at acetylcholinesterase,phosphatase and polyphenol oxidase after the louse eating the latex 4 hours,while glutathione-S-transferase and carboxylesterase did not change significantly.The activities of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase were all showing complementary trends after the louse eating the latex and asiaticoside.When the activity of superoxide dismutase in the louse was small,the activity of peroxidase was larger.When the activity ofsuperoxide dismutase was large,the activity of peroxidase was small.D.When the Pseudophacopteron Alstoniumwas fed with a small amount of latex for a short time,their respiratory metabolism does not change significantly.After 6 hours of feeding,the respiratory metabolism of the louse was significantly changed.After 12 hours,the respiration gradually decreased.After 4 hours of asiaticoside,the respiratory metabolism of the louse was significantly changed.In combination with the above,the Pseudophacopteron Alstonium could adapt the rich latex environment of the Alstonia Scholars is related to its strong internal enzyme system and metabolic system.In the long-term evolution process,the Pseudophacopteron Alstonium have a strong adaptability to the latex composition of the Alstonia Scholars,and the change of the latex composition also clarified the defense evolution of the Alstonia Scholars to the Pseudophacopteron Alstonium.