| Aiming at the practical problems of continuous cropping and serious diseases and insect pest serious diseases,lower water production efficiency,contradiction between yield and quality of gravel-mulched fields in Xiangshan area of Ningxia,this experiment is based on gravel-mulched fields in Yin Dongcun in Xiangshan area of Ningxia and is adopted comparative method to investigate the effects of different irrigation quota and fertilization on yield and quality of gravel-mulched melon in Ningxia.The results have great significance on water conservation,improving quality and increasing production efficiency.Tlhe main results are as follows:1.Using the comparison method,this experiment is set up two cultivatons,including "grafted" and"self-rooted".The three levels of irrigation quota and three fertilization levels are tested in each cultivation method.The results are showed as follow:(1)The experiment that it has influence for different water fertilizer condition on physiological traits,yield and quality of grafted seedlings and self-rooted seedlings gravel-mulched melon is showed when the fertilization is same,the physiological indexes and yield of grafted seedlings and self-rooted seedlings are increased with the increase of irrigation quota.The content of soluble sugar and soluble solids,which affect the quality of the melon,decreased with the increase of irrigation quota,and the content of organic acid increased with the increase of irrigation quota.When the irrigation quota is controlled at 18m~3/667m~2 and fertilization is 23 kg/667 m~2,the production of gravel-mulched melon that are cultivated by "grafted" or "self-rooted" method can reach maximum values.(2)The effects of the same water and fertilizer on the physiological characters,yield and quality of gravel-mulched melon under two different cultivation methods are studied,the survival rate of grafted seedlings is more 49.5%than self-rooted seedlings,the yield of grafted seedlings is increased by 52.6%.According to compare the quality indexes of gravel-mulched melon,the results is showed that the contents of soluble sugar and soluble solids are increased by 9.4%and 6.4%,respectively,compared with those grafted seedlings.The sugar and acid ratio of self-rooted seedlings increased by 6.4%than the grafted seedlings and the actual taste test is found no significant difference between the two taste,so it is appropriate to choose grafted seedlings cultivation methods to improve quality and increase production efficiency of gravel-mulched melon in Xiangshan area.2 Researching the physical and chemical properties of soil in gravel-mulched fields,it is discovered that under the condition of fresh water and brackish water wheel irigation,with the increase of irrigation quota from 6 m~3/667m~2 to 18m~3/667m~2,the total salt content of gravel-mulched field soil decreased by 10.2%and pH decreased by 1.2%.3.Based on range analysis and variance analysis of orthogonal test,it it researches the optimum combination of cultivation method and water and fertilizer.The results is showed that the order of major factors and secondary factors is cultivation mode A(main),irrigation quota B,fertilization C(Times).The cultivation method A has remarkable effect on yield,irrigation quota B and fertilization C has certain influence on yield,but not significant.In cultivation methods.The yield of grafted seedling melon is maximum,compared with self-rooted seedlings and direct seedling melon,the yield of grafted seedling melon are increased by 62%and 256%;when irrigation quota is 18m/667m~2,compared with the irrigation quota of 12m~3/667m~2 and 6m~3/667 m~2,the yield of gravel-mulched melon increased by 8.6%and 26.8%,respectively;When fertilization is 23 kg/667 m~2,compared with the fertilization of 20 kg/667 m and 17 kg/667 m~2,the yield of gravel-mulched melon increased by 1.6%and 6.8%,respectively.Factor optimal combination of levels is A2B2C3,that is to say,when the cultivation method is grafting,irrigation quota is 12 m~3/667 m~2 and fertilization is 23 kg/667 m~2,the yield of gravel-mulched melon is maximum. |
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