Experimental Study On Drip Irrigation Regime Of Different Varieties And Cultivation Methods Of Watermelon In Gravel-mulched Field In Xiangshan Area Of Ningxia

Based on Ningxia University’s production-research-demonstration base of gravel-mulched field in Yindong Village,Xiangshan Town,Zhongwei City,Ningxia,this paper studied the effects of different irrigation quotas,different cultivation methods,and different watermelon varieties on the growth,development,yield,and quality of watermelon in gravel-mulched field.The research results provide a theoretical basis and technical support for water-saving irrigation and improving yield and efficiency.The main findings are as follows:1.Using the comparative test method,three watermelon varieties of "Jincheng No.5","Zhongqing No.5",and "Desert Storm" were selected,and two cultivation methods of "grafting" and "self-rooted"were set for each of the varieties.The methods set 3 irrigation levels of 18m3/667 m2,12m3/667 m2,and 6m3/667 m2,and constituted 18 treatments.The effects of different treatments on the growth index,photosynthetic index,yield,and quality of the pressed sand were studied.The results showed that:(1)As the irrigation quota increased from 6m3/667 m2 to 18m3/667 m2,the output,growth index,photosynthetic index(net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,stomatal conductance)of the pressed sand melon gradually increased to the maximum value.When the drip irrigation quota was 18m3/667 m2,the yields of grafted seedlings of Jincheng 5,Zhongqing 5,and Desert Storm all reached the maximum,which were 3986,4211 and 4523 kg/667m2;the yield of three varieties of self-rooted seedlings also reached the maximum,which were 2515,2732,2959 kg/667m2.Among the three varieties,the output of"Desert Storm" was the highest,and there was no significant difference in the quality of the three varieties.Therefore,the "Desert Storm" with higher yield was selected as a suitable cultivar in the Xiangshan region.(2)When the irrigation quota is the same,the survival rate and yield of the grafted seedlings are 35.31%and 55.89%higher than that of the self-rooted seedlings,respectively.Soluble sugars,soluble solids content,and sugar-acid ratio decreased by 3.45%,1.36%,and 4.11%,respectively.The total acid content was increased by 2.67%compared with the self-rooted seedlings.Comprehensive indicators of the two cultivation methods seem to have little difference in the quality of pressed sand,so grafted seedlings are suitable cultivation methods for the old sandy land in Xiangshan area.(3)Under the condition of flat water year,the number of drip irrigation irrigation under the membrane is 9 times,the irrigation quota is 18m3/667m2,irrigation water is applied once at the seedling stage,vine extension stage,flowering and fruit setting period,and 6 times during the fruit expansion period,which is the Xiangshan area.The suitable drip irrigation system for watermelon grafted on old sandy land.2.Using the three-factor and three-level orthogonal design method,the effects of different water and fertilizer treatments on the growth index,yield and quality of watermelon were studied,and the primary and secondary factors and single factor change rules affecting the growth index,yield and quality of watermelon were obtained.And the optimal water and gas combination plan.Extremely poor analysis and analysis of variance were performed on each treatment output to determine the optimal level combination A3B3C1,ie irrigation quota of 18m3/667m2,fertilization amount of 7kg/667m2,and soil bulk density of 1.35 when the watermelon yield was the highest,4497.8kg/667m.3.Comparative tests were conducted to compare the physiological characteristics,yield,quality,and physicochemical properties of the sand-blasting melon under different sand age conditions.The results showed that the growth status,yield and quality of the grafted sand-bearing seedlings in the 10 years were better than that of the sand-bearing grafted seedlings in 1 year;the growth status,yield and quality of the self-rooted seedlings in the sand-pressing ground in 1 year were better than those in the 10-year sand-bearing seedlings.Therefore,grafted seedlings can be planted on sand-pressed ground for 10 years and self-rooted seedlings can be planted on sand-blasted ground for 1 year.