| Organic fertilizer containing macroelemnt,micaroelement and rich organic nutrient that plants need can promote the breeding of microbes in soil,improvingsoil physical and chemical properties.In addition,the bio-organic fertilizer is beneficiato form the the advantage bacterium in rhizosphere,inhibit the growth of harmful microbes,and endocrine metabolic product to crop rhizosphere soil,stimulate the growth of aboveground and underground part of plant,improve the yield and quality of fruit trees.It is one of the common measures that Increase organic fertilizer in fruit production.To date,a lot of current research focused on the application of organic fertilizer to improve fruit quality,and the lack of research on the effects of he root growth and soil biological properties.Based on 15-years old 'Huangguan' pear as materials,With no fertilizer(CK)and local traditional chemical fertilizers(TF)for comparison,set Bio-organic fertilizer with PGPB(BOF 1),Bio-organic with phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria(BOF2),chicken manure(CM)and organic-inorganic compound fertilizer(CF),we analysed the effect of continuous application of organic fertilizer for on pear tree growth and soil property.Experiment treatment is under the condition of the same nutrient.The results showed that:(1)Organic fertilizer promoted the aboveground growth and improve yield and quality.Bio-organic fertilizer with PGPB(BOF1)effect is the most obvious,compared with no fertilizer control.Single fruit weighs in three consecutive years increased by 11.0%,4.7%and 19.5%.respectively.The production of pear fruits for 3 consecutive years increased by 56.9%,34.3%and 56.9%respectively.(2)Compared with control and traditional fertilization(TF),organic fertilizer can greatly improve soil microorganism quantity,soil mineral nitrogen,soil enzyme activityin the whole growth period of pear trees.Soil microorganism and soil enzyme activity increased first and then declined.The quantity of soil microbial andthe activity ofsucrase and urease activity in soil was the highest under Bio-organic fertilizer with PGPB(BOF1)treatment.The activity of acid phosphatase in soil was the highest under Bio-organic with phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria(BOF2).Themineral nitrogen in pear orchards is mainly composed of nitrate nitrogen(NO3--N).The content of mineral nitrogen under different fertilizer treatmentsdecreased firstly and then increasedgradually.The content of mineral nitrogen at young fruit stage and the second expansion stage significantly reduced,but the content of mineral nitrogenunder Bio-organic fertilizer with PGPB(BOF1)treatment is higher than other treatments during the whole growthstages.(3)The total root length,root number,root surface area and volume have following trend:Bio-organic fertilizer with PGPB(BOF1)>traditional fertilization(TF)>control.The total root length,total root number,total root surface area,and root volumeunder BOF1 increased by 1.8%,50.8%,89.9%and 50.8%,respectivelythe control.They also increased by 28.0%,8.3%,37.0%and 8.3%than TF.Different diameter grade density of root length,root surface area and volume have following trend:Bio-organic fertilizer with PGPB(BOF1)>traditional fertilization(TF)>control.Under three treatments,the root system are mainly distributed on the horizontal direction 0-120 cm,on the vertical direction 0-90 cm.Within this range,the vertical depth 0 to 60 cm area biological organic fertilizer treatment significantly increased the number of root tip and promote the fine roots(<1 mm)growth.Vertical depth 0-90 cm area,significantly promoted the level 1-3 mm diameter root growth.In vertical depth 60-90 cm area significantly promote the growth of the thick root(>3 mm).(4)Fertilization improved soilalkali-hydrolyzale nitrogen,soil available K and soil available phosphorus,available nutrient content indepth 0-60 cm.All results showed application of Bio-organic fertilizer with PGPB was better thantraditional fertilization(TF)and no fertilizer control. |
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