| The grain security issue throughout is the goal of Chinese government development agricultural policy attention.Jiangxi is our country paddy rice main production area,its paddy rice ripe system choice health is whether reasonable,relates to the security of state grain production.This article takes the Jiangxi province of Wangnian county as the test base,studies the triple-cropping system winter crop?Chinese milk vetch,rape and wheat?-early rice-late rice ripening rile and two ripe system winter crops?Chinese milk vetch,rape and wheat?-middle-season rice in crops growth,ecological environment and rice paddy combined earnings appraisal.The research structure is as follows:1.The triple-cropping system compares with double-cropping system,the triple-cropping system may obtain higher paddy rice ultimate output,is higher than 57.07%-72.98% on average.Middle-season rice per unit area yield early rice or late ripening rile per unit area yield are high,particularly in 2015 will process to obtain the paddy rice output reaches as high as 10069.21 kg·hm-2,middle season rice per unit area yield is higher than compared to early,the late ripening rile per unit area yield in 2016 not obviously,as a result of middle-season rice in the flowering time bitter experience high temperature,causes the paddy rice fertility to be somewhat low,finally causes the output to be somewhat low.The Chinese milk vetch makes the green manure to be possible to improve soil fertility,after enhancing,the stubble crop output,this is processing D?Chinese milk vetch-rice-rice?output is highest can confirm.2.The planter of different ripe manufacture effectively enhances the soil,the alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen,the effective phosphorus and fast-acting potassium content,is helpful to the decomposition and transformation of organic matter,has the promoter action regarding the nutrient absorption and accumulation,helping the improvement of soil fertility.May see through data that 2 years experiment obtains that the triple-cropping systems and two ripe systems will be higher than in 2015 in 2016 pH value,may effectively alleviate soil sourness through the planter of crops.The different ripe system has certain enhancement function to the soil enzyme activity,particularly rape-middle season rice pattern is display best.3.In 2015 various systematic combined earnings in turn are: 0.788,0.814,0.816,0.850,0.862 and 0.899,the size sorting performance is: E?rape-rice-rice?>F?wheat-rice-rice?>D?Chinese milk vetch-rice-rice?>B?rape-middle season rice?>C?wheat-middle season rice?>A?Chinese milk vetch-middle season rice?,may explain that from this “rape-rice-rice” planter pattern,can lead the rice paddy high production highly effective planter pattern,is conducive to the sustainable development of agricultural production.In 2016 various systematic combined earnings in turn are: 0.781,0.807,0.819,0.840,0.861 and 0.869,the size sorting performance is: E?rape-rice-rice?>F?wheat--rice-rice?>B?rape-middle season rice?>D?Chinese milk vetch-rice-rice?>C?wheat-middle season rice?>A?Chinese milk vetch-middle season rice?,may explain that from this “rape-rice-rice” planter pattern can give dual attention to three big benefits?economic efficiency,ecological benefit and social efficiency?,is conducive to the sustainable development of agricultural production.4.Paddy field ecosystem service function,in the accumulation of organic matter function value,two ripe systems is better than the triple-cropping systems;In order to maintain the soil functional value,the triple-cropping systems systems is better than two ripe systems in keeping the soil function.The average organic value of the soil was 2596.62 yuan·hm-2,two ripe systems was 3081.59 yuan·hm-2,and the average value of the two ripe systems was 15.74% higher than that of the triple-cropping systems.The mean value of soil nutrient value was 167.53 yuan·hm-2,and the average value of soil nutrient was 169.01 yuan·hm-2,and the second crop was 0.88% higher than that of the third crop.Erosion value,reduce the value of soil nutrient loss,reduce sediment deposition in three aspects than the second system were higher than 3.35%,15.91%,17.54%5.The triple-cropping systems is superior to two ripe systems system in rice field ecosystem energy flow.In the total primary productivity,the triple-cropping systems was 34.34% higher than that of two ripe systems,and the triple-cropping systems was 72.31% higher than that of two ripe systems.The ratio of N input,N output and N was 64.78% and 48.78% and 22.08%,respectively.The ratio of P input,P output and P was higher than that of second.And the ratio of K input,K output and K was 36.61%,44.26% and 39.37% higher than that of two ripe systems respectively.In general,the triple-cropping systems is superior to two ripe systems in total primary productivity,artificial auxiliary energy,N-cycle,P-cycle and K-cycle.Synthesizes two years result,“rape-rice-rice” paddy three crops a year planter pattern not can only give dual attention to three big benefits?economic efficiency,ecological benefit and social efficiency?,had considered the food security and agricultural restructuring and farmer additionally receive and other social concerns,moreover has the enormous promoter action regarding the winter the sustainable development of full use and agricultural production of agricultural development and natural resource,is suits our province big area promotion application the rice paddy planter pattern. |
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