Studies On Decomposed Effects And The Yield,Quality Of Vegetables By Rice Straw Surficial Mulching With Shallow Water In Plastic Tunnel

With the development of facilities vegetable scale,specialization and intensive,soil salinization caused by facilities continuous cropping obstacle which has become increasingly prominent,seriously affect the yield and quality of vegetables.Facilities upland-rotation has a significant effect on governing soil salinization,straw mulching can improve soil fertility and reduce fertilizer,at the same time,it can reduce the plant diseases and insect pests,increase crop resistance to disease,so as to improve crop yield and quality.Aquatic vegetables in combination with straw mulching,this study used facilities paddy field of high temperature and high humidity environment to accelerate the straw decomposing,explore different season crop aquatic vegetation topsoil covered the decomposing and effect of rice straw,expectations for the new model provides theoretical basis for facility vegetable cultivation.To study the change of soil solution,straw decomposition rate and the effects on the yield and quality of water spinach in different season in plastic house with straw mulching,we cultivated in plastic box.In pring we planted water spinach from April 6 to July 1 in 2015;then in summer we planted water spinach July 16 to October 3 in 2015;in autumn and winter,we planted watercress from November 14 in 2015 to March 23 in 2016.The result showed that:In different season,the EC of soil solution showed a trend of rise earier then decrease and finally smooth,the Eh showed a trend of decrease earier then rise and finally smooth.The maximum EC of soil solution in summer is highest,the second is in spring and in autumn and winter in lowest.The minimum Eh of soil solution in summer is lowest,the second is in autumn and winter and in spring is highest.The decomposition rate of rice straw were 75.33%and 89.11%respectively during the three months of spring and summer,and 69.34%during the four months of autumn and winter.The decomposition rate is highest in summer,the second is in spring and the last is in autumn and winter.In spring and summer,the yield of water spinach that rice straw laying on soil surface were both lower in the earier stage and then higher and the total yield were both higher than contrast.In autumn and winter,the yield of the first crop watercress that rice straw laying on soil surface was lower than CK and the second crop was higher,the total yield increases by 6.00%than CK.The fiber content of water spinach and watercress that rice straw laying on soil surface were reduced and the mineral content,soluble protein,Vc,soluble sugar,flavone,total phenols content were all risen.In different seasons,the content of soil organic matter and total N,P,K that rice straw laying on soil surface all higher than before but non-significant,the content of soil nitrate nitrogen had a significant reduction,the change of content of soil rapid available phosphorus and kalium were no difference with contrast.In spring,the activity of soil urease had significant sisen and the soil sucrase and phosphatase both had a little risen.In summer,the activity of soil sucrase had significant sisen and the soil urease and phosphatase both had a little risen.In autumn and winter,the activity of soil sucrase and urease both had significant sisen and the soil phosphatase had a little risen.In conclusion,different seasons in the plastic tunnel soil covers rice straw decomposition were all high,and it can improve vegetable yield and quality,improve soil properties.