Studies On Supply System Of Nutrient Solution On Cucumber,Tomato And Eggplant Under Substrate Cultivation

In order to explore the reasonable supply amounts and frequencies of nutrient solution on cucumber,tomato and eggplant under substrate cultivation,the test designed that supply amount on cucumber was 200 ml per plant,300 ml per plant,400 ml per plant,500 ml per plant,600 ml per plant,700 ml per plant,800 ml per plant,900 ml per plant per plant,1000 ml per plant,1100 ml per plant everyday.Supply amount on tomato was 150 ml per plant?W1?,210 ml per plant?W2?,270 ml per plant?W3?and supply frequency was 1 times everyday?TI?,2 times everyday?T2?,3 times everyday?T3?in the vegetative growth period.During the flowering period,the amount of nutrient solution was doubled.Besides,supply amount on eggplant was 300 ml per plant,500 ml per plant,700 ml per plant,900 ml per plant,1100 ml per plant,1300 ml per plant,1500 ml per plant,1700 ml per plant.Analysis effects of different supply amounts and frequencies on growth,physiology,yield and quality index,so as to determine the supply amounts and frequencies for each plant every day and provide scientific basis for the production of farmers to achieve the purpose of water-saving and high yield.The results showed that:1.The results showed that effect of supply amounts of nutrient solution on growth and yield of spring/summer cucumber under substrate cultivation:?1?Flowering period and fruit period of cucumber was promoted by amount of 500 ml.Compared with low amount of cucumber,the value of plant height,stem diameter and leaf area in amount of 500 ml increased by25.74%,1.0 mm and 121.98 cm2.Besides,the dry weight,root volume and root area was also increased in amount of 500 ml.?2?The value of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters was best in amount of 500 ml and 600 ml,and the value of photosynthetic rate,resistance index and quality index in amount of 600 ml was best,higher than the that of 500 ml.?3?Yield in amount of 500 ml was 46459.62 kg.hm-2,higher than that of 600 ml.Although the yield in amount of 1000 ml and 1100 ml was higher than that of other treatments,the water use efficiency was the lowest.?4?According to the economic benefits of the actual production,we recommend 500 ml as the amount of irrigation water for daily production.2.The result showed that effect of supply amounts and frequencies of nutrient solution on plant growth and fruit quality of highly sugary tomato under substrate cultivation?1?The fruit quality index of tomato was decreased with the increase of the supply amount.The content of soluble sugar and organic acid in the treatment of W2 and W1 was significantly higher than W3.The content of vitamin C and soluble solid in T3 treatment was higher than that of T1 and T2.The content of soluble solid of W1T3 and W2T3 treatments were 8.37%and 8.33%.?2?The value of plant height,stem diameter and photosynthetic rate in W2T3 was the best,compared with W1T1 increased by 30.6%,26%,68.9%.When the frequency of nutrition solution was T3,the yield,fruit mass,and per plant of W2T3 treatment was the largest,and compared with W3T3,yield increased by 11.3%.However,the water use efficiency of W1 and W2 was significantly higher than W3;?3?Therefore,W2T3 was the best option to improve growth and fruit quality of highly sugary tomato,which the supply amount is 210 mL per plant in the vegetative growth period and 420 mL per plant in the flowering period,while the supply frequency is 3 times every day.3.The results showed that effect of supply amounts of nutrient solution on growth,yield and quality index of summer/autumn eggplant under substrate cultivation:?1?The growth of eggplant plant was promoted in amount of 700 ml,the plant height was up to 129.35 cm,the leaf area was increased by 15.56%,and the root shoot ratio was the largest.When the supply amount is 700ml,compared with 300 ml and 1700 ml,the fresh weight of shoot was increased by 39.3%.?2?The fruit quality index of eggplant was increased first and then decreased with the increase of the supply amount.The content of soluble sugar and vitamins C in amount of 700 ml and 900 ml was higher than other treatments,compared with 300 ml,the content of vitamins C was increased by 2.14 mg.g^-1,2.43 mg.g^-1.?3?Although the root activity,photosynthetic rate and fruit mass in amount of 900 ml was the best,the yield in amount of 700 ml was the highest at 68282.54 kg.hm-2,and higher than that of other treatments.The water use efficiency in amount of 700ml was higher than 900ml,which was 40.41 kg.m^-3.On the other hand,the amount of 700 ml per plant everyday for the eggplant is a reasonable nutrient solution.