Effects Of Inorganic And Organic Fertilizer On Soil Physical And Chemical Properties And Growth Of Oilsunflower

Drought,water shortage and low soil fertility are the major constraints on agricultural production in middle arid areas of Ningxia.in order to improve the physical and chemical properties of soil,improve fertility of soil,conserve soil moisture,increase crop yield and quality,it is important to select the best fertilization measures.therefore,in dry water-saving agriculture science and technology demonstration park of Ningxia(north of Wangtuan town in Tongxin county),the another developed the inorganic and organic fertilizer experiment from 2011 to 2016.Sunflower and potato were used as the test material for the main crops in this areas,and studied the effects of organic inorganic fertilizers on soil physical and chemical properties and crop growth.In order to find main measures for soil fertility which fitting in this region,to improve soil fertility and the quality of cultivated land,to provide scientific basic for improving crop yield and quality and agricultural sustainable utilization.The results of the paper show that:1.Combination inorganic and organic all decrease soil pH and increase the content of every nutrient.And compared with treatment 1(CK),they reduce soil pH,increase soil organic matter,available potassium,available nitrogen,available phosphorus,total phosphorus,total nitrogen content,reduce soil bulk density,mechanical and physical properties of water stable aggregates,improve the soil quality.The chemical and dung fertilizer,which had the best effect.2.With the grow time of crop,the plant height and stem diameter of oil sunflower shows "S" type growth curve trend.Plant height shows "slow-fast-slow" growth curve trend,and stem diameter shows a growth trend of "fast-slow".The comprehensive application of organic materials can increase crop plant height,stem diameter growth and promote the balanced growth of oil sunflower,prevent suddenly growth and lodging.3.The oil sunflower dry matter accumulation of combination inorganic and organic in line with the "Logistics" model,the goodness of fit all above 0.98,and the comprehensive application of chemical fertilizer and different organic fertilizer has positive effect on dry matter accumulation of oil sunflower.And accumulation rate is different in different organs.Giving priority to stem,leaf accumulation,dry matter accumulation of different organs in the mature period shows that grain>faceplate>stem>leaf>root.The dry matter accumulation of chemical fertilizer and dung,chemical fertilizer treatment and bio-organic(3000kg/hm2)treatment is higher,which also has a larger contribution on nutrient uptake and yield.4.The application of organic fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer significantly increased the amount of nutrient absorption in combination inorganic and orgarnic treatment,and the amount of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium uptake was K>N>P;the leaves are the main organs that absorb nitrogen during the whole growth period,in the early stages of growth leaves are the main organs of phosphorus absorption,the late grain is the main organ,and in the whole growth period stems,the disk for the absorption of potassium main organs;in the harvest period,the total N uptake of the organs was as follows:grain>leaf>disk>stem>root,total phosphorus uptake:grain>leaf>root>Leaf>root>grain.5.Fertilization effectively promoted the growth of oil sunflower,plate stalk,disk weight and 1000-grain weight,which could play an important role in improving the yield of oil sunflower,and the fertilizer and organic fertilizer could significantly increase the yield.The processing size is sorted for processing 7>Process 5>Process 8>Process 4>Process 9>Process 2>Process 3>Process 6>Treatment 1,comparing with treatment 1(CK),the fertilization treatment yield increases 1.81?2.97 times,which fertilizer with bio-carbon 3000kg/hm2 yield the best,up to 3381.95kg/hm2;followed by the fertilizer with sheep manure production is 3354.19kg/hm2.6.Crude protein and crude fat content was negatively correlated,fertilizer with organic fertilizer to varying degrees reduced the crude fat content,significantly increased crude protein content,fertilizer combined with bio-organic fertilizer to reduce crude fat,increase the content of crude protein effect is obvious;fertilization had different effects on the composition of fatty acids in inner and outer flakes of sunflower,the treatment of seed kernel oleic acid,plasmatic acid,stearic acid,benefic acid,arches acid disk are greater than the outer disk,while linoleic acid disk content is slightly smaller than the outer disk;fertilization had a positive effect on oleic acid and stearic acid,but inhibited the formation of linoleic acid and brown acid;fertilizer with organic fertilizer increased the content of oleic acid,but reduced linoleic acid,brown ketone,stearic acid content;the chemical fertilizer with the sheep manure,fertilizer with bio-charcoal 3000kg/hm2 significantly affect the fatty acid composition,the quality of the oil sunflower seed better improved.