| Study the quinoa response of physiological ecology,yield and its components,grain traits to different water and phosphorus interaction,to find a good water phosphorus ratio,provided a theoretical basis for the high yield of quinoa in Arid Land.The process of water regulation during the growing period of quinoa under experimental pot conditions was studied in order to determine the effects of combining different water?W1,W2,W3 Respectively is soil moisture content of 35% 45%,55% 65%,75% 85% of field capacity?and phosphorus fertilizer(P2O5 application rates of 0 g·kg-1,0.1 g·kg-1,0.2 g·kg-1,0.4 g·kg-1)conditions on the leaf and root physio-ecological indices,biomass allocation,yield and grain traits.The main conclusions are as follows:1.The appropriate phosphorus(P1:0.1 g·kg-1P2O5)or(P2:0.2 g·kg-1P2O5)significantly increase the leaf area,promote the accumulation of fresh and dry weight of leaves,and increase the water content of leaves,The water stress?W2: 55% 65% of field capacity?increased the relative water content of leaves,which was beneficial to the improvement of leaf water storage capacity.The enough water supply?W3: 75%85% of field capacity?and phosphorus treatment(P2: 0.2 g·kg-1P2O5)reduce the relative conductivity of leaves,improve the chlorophyll content,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters Fm,Fv,Fv/Fm,Fv/F0,ETR,qP.No matter what water conditions,The POD and SOD activities of leaf were highest and the content of MDA was reduced to the lowest in P2(0.2 g·kg-1P2O5)treatment,Soluble sugar and proline content were the lowest under normal irrigation?W3: 75% 85% of field capacity?.2.Under the same water condition,the root parameters?root area,total root length,max root length,root diameter and root volume?were all the highest in P1 or P2 treatment.At thesame phosphorus level,the max root length and total root length reached the maximum under W2 treatment,Root area under low phosphorus treatment?P0,P1?showed that: W2P0 ?W3P0,W2P1?W3P1.Root area under high phosphorus treatment?P2,P3?showed that:W2P2?W3P2,W2P3?W3P3.Root diameter and root volume increased with the increase of water content;Under severe drought stress?W1?,root activity reached the maximum at P1(0.1 g·kg-1P2O5),Under other water conditions,root activity reached the maximum at P2(0.2g·kg-1P2O5).No matter what water conditions,The POD and SOD activities were highest and the content of MDA was reduced to the lowest in P2(0.2 g·kg-1P2O5)treatment,Soluble sugar and proline content were the highest under severe drought stress?W1?,was the lowest under normal irrigation?W3?.The appropriate phosphorus(P2: 0.2 g·kg-1P2O5)significantly reduced the Soluble sugar and Proline content.3.The appropriate ratio of water and phosphorus?W3P2,W3P1?is conducive to the biomass?stem and leaf weight?accumulation and yield formation of quinoa.While the weight of root and panicle is the largest in W2P3 treatment.High water was more conducive to the allocation of biomass of stems and leaves,Low water treatment was beneficial to the distribution of root and panicle biomass.Under severe drought stress,high P nutrition?P2,P3?increased plant biomass allocation to root and panicle.Under drought stress,high plasticity was showed in biomass allocation to improve growth fitness.4.Branch numbers,spike numbers,1000-grain weight and grain weight per plant showed low phosphorus promotion and high phosphorus inhibition,P2(0.2 g·kg-1P2O5)treatment reached the maximum,and reached the maximum in W3?75% 85% of field capacity moisture?.Grain morphology?grain area,grain diameter,grain thickness?,grain germination characteristics?germination rate,seedling length,seedling weight?were positively correlated with grain weight,grain germination energy was negatively correlated with grain weight. |
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