Effects Of The Application Of Three Types Of Organic Fertilizers On Soil Physical And Chemical Properties And The Growth And Fruiting Of Strawberry

Strawberry is a perennial herbaceous plant in the Rosaceae family.Strawberry is liked by consumers and has broad market prospect because of its bright color,sweet smelling and delicious taste.At present,the current situation of strawberry production and cultivation in China is represented by the excessive use of chemical fertilizers and insufficient input of organic fertilizers,which is not only a waste of China's rich agricultural resources,but also a serious damage to the soil condition.Therefore,we should increase the input of organic fertilizer and the research and development of new commodity organic fertilizers,and fertilize soil to improve crop yield and quality.This experiment is based on the safe and efficient cultivation of strawberry,the cultivar of strawberry ‘Darselect' seedlings were planted as test materials,with selecting a new type of organic fertilizer(Shrimp Peptide Fertilizer,SPF)and two kinds of common organic fertilizers(Edible Fungi Residues,EFR;Chicken Manure Residue,CMR)to compare the effects of three kinds of organic fertilizers with the no fertilization(CK)on soil physical and chemical properties and the strawberry growth.This method can be used in determining the effectiveness of the new commodity organic fertilizer in practical production,in order to reduce or replace the use of chemical fertilizers in strawberry production and provide guidance for the cultivation of organic strawberry.The main results were as follows:(1)According to the regulation of soil physical and chemical properties,the soil bulk density was reduced and the soil pH was improved to some extent after applying organic fertilizer.The results showed that organic fertilizer could improve soil physical and chemical properties and soil fertility.Comprehensive nutrient index analysis showed that,the content of soil organic matter and nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium with all organic fertilizer treatments were significantly higher than that of the control.Among them,the effect of SPF was the best,followed by the treatment of EFR.(2)From the regulation of strawberry plant growth traits,the application of organic fertilizer was beneficial to the growth of strawberry plants and development of strawberry fruits.The results showed that the plant height,stem diameter,leaf number and biological yield of all organic fertilizer treatments were significantly higher than those of the control.Among them,the plant height treated by CMR with higher phosphorus levels reached the maximum.The other growth indexes treated by SPF were the best,and the EFR was the second.(3)The effect of organic fertilizer on physiological and biochemical characteristics of strawberry showed that,compared with CK,three kinds of organic fertilizer could significantly increase the Photosynthetic indexes of strawberry leaves,and to the chlorophyll content,the effect of EFR was the best,followed by SPF.The results indicated that EFR and SPF were more beneficial to delay leaf senescence and enhance the physiological activity.The sequencing of Pn,Gs,Ci and Tr in the same period after different treatment are all as follows: SPF>EFR>CMR>CK.The results showed that application of organic fertilizer could significantly increase the photosynthesis intensity and promote the accumulation of strawberry plant material,and the effect of SPF was the best.(4)Effects of different organic fertilizers on nutrient absorption of strawberry indicated that,the contents of total N,P and K of strawberry leaves in all treatments showed a trend of increasing from the seedling stage to the initial fruit stage,declining from the initial fruit period to the harvest period.During the whole growth period,the content of total N,P and K in the leaves of each organic fertilizer treatment was significantly higher than that of CK.The content of total N and K treated by SPF was the best,and the EFR was the second.The content of total P was consistent with total N and K before the initial fruit stage,and the index treated by CMR in the late was higher than that by SPF and EFR.On the whole,the application of SPF and EFR is more conducive to the continuous supply of nutrients,and promote the absorption of N,P and K in strawberry plants.(5)According to the effect of organic fertilizer on strawberry fruit quality,the quality of strawberry fruit treated by SPF was the best,and the content of its SSC,TSS,SAR and VC in all treatments was the highest,which was 11.23%?9.41%?11.89?61.39mg/100 gFW respectively.Compared with the control,the increase was 26.18%,31.06%,35.89%,and 19.55%,respectively.The effect of fruit quality treated by EFR was worse than that of SPF.The effect of fruit quality treated by CMR was the worst,but better than that of the control.(6)Effects of different organic fertilizers on yield and economic benefit of strawberry: among the three kinds of organic fertilizers,the yield and the economic benefit of SPF were the highest.The yield of SPF reached 1474.62kg/mu,the yield was increased 365.22kg/mu compared with the control.The economic benefit of SPF was higher than the control of 14074.07yuan/mu(According to the current Chongqing area situation,the price of fresh strawberry is 40yuan/kg).The yield and the economic benefit of EFR were the second,and followed by CMR.Compared with the control,the yield was increased by 285.48kg/Mu,142.26kg/Mu,and the economic benefit was increased 11381.82yuan/mu,5375.79yuan/mu,respectively.(7)Soil organic matter,available N,available P,available K content and leaf total N,total K content showed significant or extremely significant correlation.Most of the soil organic matter,available N,available P,available K content and fruit weight,per plant yield,SSC,TSS,SAR,Vc showed significant or extremely significant correlation.Among them the correlation coefficient of soil organic matter and fruit weight are as high as 0.932.Most of the leaf total N,total P,total K content and fruit weight,per plant yield,TSS,SAR,Vc showed different significant or extremely significant correlation.Among them the correlation coefficient of leaf total N and fruit weight are as high as 0.935.(8)After comprehensive comparison of three kinds of organic fertilizer,the effect of SPF was the best,and followed by EFR.With suitable concentration and application method,these two kinds of organic fertilizers are more conducive to promoting the growth and development of plants,increasing the content of soil nutrients,fertilizing the soil,improving the yield and quality of strawberry,and getting more economic benefits.This experiment has certain guiding significance to the research and development of new commodity organic fertilizer and the cultivation of organic strawberry.