The Study On Anatomy Of Vegetative Organs Of Bupleurum Chinense D.C And Polygala Tenuifolia Willd. Plants

Bupleurum chinense D.C and Polygala tenuifolia Willd.are two medicinal plants with high value,which are traditional Chinese herbal medicines in China.Currently there are many researches of Bupleurumchinense D.C and Polygala tenuifolia Willd.,but mostly are the researches of theirchemical composition,pharmacological action etc.and clinical application.However there is few research of the anatomic structure of their vegetative organ.Especially there is no research of the anatomic structure of wild plants of Bupleurum chinense D.C and Polygala tenuifolia Willd.for wan town.This paper is targeted for the comparison of the anatomic structures of their vegetative organ make a detail description,with the expectation to provide the reliable theory basis for the economic value and drug identification of Bupleurum chinense D.C and Polygala tenuifolia Willd.The experiment makes paraffin section with the Bupleurum chinense D.C and Polygala tenuifolia Willd distributed in Henan Province of wan town,making a detail description of the vegetative organs of their roots,stems,and leaves,and the results are as follows:(1)The blade of Bupleurum chinense D.C is consisted of epidermis,mesophyll and leaf vein.The upper and lower epidermises are with one level each,and with stomatal apparatus.The palisade tissue of Bupleurum chinense D.C with only one level of cell and perpendicular to the epidermis.The spongy tissue of Bupleurum chinense D.C with two to six levels of cells,which is placed loose and have a large gap.The blade vein is parallel vein,and there are 2 to 3 levels of prothenchyma with cyclic annular placement around the vascular bundle of main vein.(2)The structure of petiole of Bupleurum chinense D.C are consisted of epidermis,elementary tissue and vascular cylinder.The epidermises are with one level each,under which are collenchyma and cortex parenchyma cell.The vascular cylinder is line arrange and each vascular cylinder with several sclerenchyma cell.the xylem is obvious and with a large number of duct.(3)The structure of the caulicle and stem of Bupleurum chinense D.C are similar.The caulicle and stem are consisted of epidermis,cortex,vascular cylinder,pith and pith ray.The old stem is consisted of periderm,phloem,cambium,xylem,pith and pith ray.The structure of the caulicle and stem with the stem epidermal cells are connected to a polygonal ring,while the older stem are connected to a circular.The number of cortex cells of the older stem are amount of the caulicle and stem and the cell walls are thickness.The duct diameter of old stem xylem is bigger than young stem and stem.(4)The radicle of Bupleurum chinense D.C are consisted of the epidermis,cortex,pericycle,primary xylem and phloem.The conduits in primary xylem rang to a symmetrical fan.The older roots of Bupleurum chinense D.C are consisted of periderm,secondary phloem and secondary xylem.The primary phloem are destroyed by external pressure.The lateral root of Bupleurum chinense D.C protruding from the root-hair zone?and extending outward through the epidermis and cortex.(5)The upper and lower epidermises of Polygala tenuifolia Willd are with one level each.The upper epidermise cells are swelled and the shape of lower epidermise cells are wavied.The upper and lower epidermises are with one level each,and with stomatal apparatus.The shape of the palisade tissue of Polygala tenuifolia Willd is cylinder-shaped,and with only one level of cell and perpendicular to the epidermis.The spongy tissue of Polygala tenuifolia Willd with three to five levels of cells,which is placed loose.The vascular bundle in vein is very small is underdeveloped,which is collateral vascular bundle.(6)Polygala flower stalk is oval,with a layer of epidermis cells and thin cell wall,in which is the more developed basic organization.The Vascular bundle is located in the center of flower stalk.The more apparent xylem which is consist of garland structure surrounded by 2-3 coordinate catheter is no cambium.(7)The structure of caulicle epidermis cells of Polygala tenuifolia Willd.is rectangle and the epidermis cells are surrounded to a long circle.While the structure of stem and older stem epidermis cells of Polygala tenuifolia Willd.is square and the epidermis cells are surrounded to a circle.The structure of the caulicle and stem cortex are similar and they are consisted of collenchyma and parenchyma.The vascular bundle in the caulicle is nearly a long oval and in the stem is nearly a circle.The duct in the older stem is nearly the structure of the pentagon.The quantity of conduit is gradually increasing and the diameter is gradually enlarged.There is a medullary cavity formed in the central of the old stem.(8)The older roots of Polygala tenuifolia Willd.are consist of periderm,cortex and vascular cylinder and the conduit of xylem is arranged in the round.The most of the older root is parenchyma cells,and the secondary phloem takes up most of them.In summary,the medicinal value of Bupleurum chinense D.C and Polygala tenuifolia Willd.are similar,but there are many differences in the structure of root,stem and leaf.The medicinal parts of Bupleurum chinense D.C are mainly concentrated in the root.While,for Polygala tenuifolia Willd.the medicinal composition is mainly distributed in the secondary phloem and a large amount of parenchyma cells of the roots.