Effect Of Conservation Tillage On Water Loss And Soil Erosion And Quality Of Tobacco Leaves In Sloping Fields Of Planting Flue-cured Tobacco

The field experiment was carried out on the sloping fields in Chongqing in 2016.There were 8 treatments to explore the effect on water loss and soil erosion and quality of tobacco leaves.This paper focused on the effect of ridge direction and the way of Lolium multiflorum Lam planted on the growth and development of tobacco plant,soil physical and chemical properties,water loss and soil erosion,tobacco yield and quality.The results showed that:Cross ridge and planted Lolium multiflorum Lam could improve the content of soil available nitrogen and soil aggregates,hinder the growth and development of tobacco,reduce the economic traits of flue-cured tobacco,the runoff,sediment yield,the nutrient content of runoff,the nutrient content of sediment.The inter-row planted Lolium multiflorum Lam could reduce the amount and stability of soil water-stable aggregates,the soil p H,the content of alkaloid,could improve the content of soil available potassium,available phosphorus,15 cm soil layer temperature.Row planted Lolium multiflorum Lam could improve the water content of 0~20cm soil layer,reduced the content of soil available potassium.When the row and inter-row both planted Lolium multiflorum Lam,the content of soil water-stable aggregates could be increased by 7.47%,and the content of soil organic carbon would be increased.Sloping ridge and planted Lolium multiflorum Lam could improve soil p H and the content of soil available nitrogen,reduced the economic traits of flue-cured tobacco,the runoff,sediment yield,the nutrient content of runoff,the nutrient content of sediment.The inter-row planted Lolium multiflorum Lam could improve the amount and stability of soil water-stable aggregates,increase the root volume,fresh weight and dry weight,improve the routine chemical components of central leaves,what's more,the yields,output value,average price,proportion of superior grade tobacco would be increased by 214.27kg/hm~2,7522.56yuan/hm~2,1.02yuan/kg,4.63%.Row planted Lolium multiflorum Lam could increase the temperature of 5cm and 20 cm soil layer,reduce the content of soil aggregates and soil available phosphorus,inhibit the growth and development of tobacco plant,reduce the economic traits of flue-cured tobacco.The row and inter-row both planted Lolium multiflorum Lam could improve the temperature of 5cm,10 cm,15cm,20 cm soil layer,decrease the amount and stability of water-stable aggregates,reduce the content of soil available potassium,soil available phosphorus,soil organic carbon,inhibit the growth and development of tobacco plant,and reduce the economic traits of flue-cured tobacco.Generally speaking,effect of ridge direction and the way of Lolium multiflorum Lam planted on soil bulk density was very small.Cross ridge and row planted Lolium multiflorum Lam could improve the water content of 0~20cm soil layer.Sloping ridge and row and inter-row both planted Lolium multiflorum Lam could increased the temperature of different soil layer.Ridge direction and the way of Lolium multiflorum Lam planted had a great influence on soil fertility.Two ridge direction and planted Lolium multiflorum Lam could all reduce the water loss and soil erosion,but the effect of cross ridge and planted Lolium multiflorum Lam were better than sloping ridge and planted Lolium multiflorum Lam,cross and row and inter-row both planted Lolium multiflorum Lam was the best way to reduce the water loss and soil erosion.In the all treatment of planting Lolium multiflorum Lam,only the sloping ridge and inter-row planted Lolium multiflorum Lam could improve the growth of tobacco plants,increase the economic traits of flue-cured tobacco.Maybe because of the Lolium multiflorum Lam tenacious vitality,the Lolium multiflorum Lam on the row were not completely killed,during the growth period,the Lolium multiflorum Lam and tobacco plants were competing for fertilizer,so the growth of tobacco plants were suppressed.