Effects Of Different Weed Control Methods On Ecological Environment,the Growth And Development And Yield Of Cotton

Cotton weed is one of the most important management measures,the traditional intertillage weeding is time-consuming,so,simplified weed control is the tendency of cotton development.In order to find the appropriate way of weeding,2015-2016 two consecutive years in Zhengzhou,the Yellow River field conditions,selection of Baimian 5 as test materials,4 different ways of weeding,including intertillage,mechanical weeding + intertillage,mechanical weeding + chemical weeding and chemical weeding,were designed,with no weeding as control(CK)to find effects of different weeding methods and soil environment influence,cotton growth and yield benefit,in order to provide scientific basis for simplified weeding.The results are as follows:1?Different way of weeding control effect.The pecies,density and dry matter accumulation of weeds in cotton fields were main survey in each period,.The results showed that the main weeds in the floodplain of the Yellow River were Cyperus rotundus,Digitaria sanguinalis,Eleusine indica,Chenopodium album,Pharbitis purpurea,etc.The weeds in the peak will were 5-7 months.Different weeding methods on the inhibitory effect on weed dry accumulation was better than inhibitory effect on weed density.The weed control effects of intertillage,mechanical weeding + intertillage,mechanical weeding +chemical weeding and chemical weeding were respectively 70.66%,32.62%,52.41% and 74.08%,while the dry weight control effect were 74.81%?48.34%?57.88% and 70.29%.The accumulation of dry matter of weeds and weed regeneration could be effectively inhibited by intertillage and chemical weeding.2?Effects of weeding methods on soil environment.The soil temperature,moisture content,soil bulk density and other physical and chemical indicators,including the content of soil organic matter,available nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,and soil urease,invertase,cellulase and phosphatase activity and soil microbial quantity index were measured.The results showed that compared with CK,weeding could increase the soil temperature and soil moisture content,soil bulk density increased.The warming effect of mechanical weeding +chemical weeding was obvious,and chemical weeding increased soil bulk density effectly.Cultivation treatment could improve soil organic matter and available nitrogen content,and in mechanical weeding + chemical weeding available phosphorus content was inproved.However,in the treatments of mechanical weeding+intertillage and chemical weeding,the content of available potassium was ruduced.Mechanical weeding + chemical weeding improved soilurease activity,and intertillage improved the soil phosphatase activity.Chemical weeding improved the activity of cellulase,intertillage and mechanical weeding + weeding improved soil phosphatase activity processing to a certain extent.Intertillage was conducive to the growth of bacteria communities,mechanical weeding + intertillage could promote the growth of fungi,but the growth of actinomycetes was inhibited in chemical weeding.3?Different weeding methods influence the cotton's growth and development.The main determination of cotton were root length,surface area and volume,cotton leaf area index,SPAD value and plant height.The results showed that in the intertillage the cotton root length,surface area and volume were effectively increased,so that intertillage could promote root growth and robust plants.Leaf area index and the SPAD value were reasonable in intertillage,laid the foundation for the high yield of cotton.The cotton root length was suppressed in no weeding,surface area and volume of cotton root in chemical weeding was in inhibition,which was not conducive to the growth of cotton.A good foundation was laid for high yield in mechanical weeding + chemical weeding,with robust plants,moderate leaf color,reasonable population structure,4?Effects of weeding methods on the yield and efficiency of the cotton.Determination in different weeding methods on cotton boll number,boll weight,lint index.The results showed the cotton yield could be increased in weeding.2015,in intertillage,mechanical weeding + intertillage,mechanical weeding +chemical weeding and chemical weeding,seed cotton yeild were increased by 23.88%,36.22%,36.10%and 64.93%.In 2016,the seed cotton were increased by 40.14%,8.11%,38.58% and 50.56%.by increasing cotton boll number In chemical weeding,achieved the purpose of increasing production.Meanwhile,In intertillage and mechanical weeding+chemical weeding the cotton boll numbers and single boll weight were increased to a certain extent,and cotton boll optimization structure was set,to achieve production goals.Combined with the actual production,the use of mechanical weeding+ chemical weeding can simplify cotton weeding,optimizate cotton structure and obtain good economic benefits and ecological benefits.