Key Biological And Physiological Factors Affect The Population Establishment Of Arma Chinensis(Fallou) In Greenhouses

Arma chinensis?Fallou?distributed widely in most areas in China,Mongolia and the Korean peninsula,which can prey on many kinds of agricultural and forest pests,including Lepidoptera,Coleoptera,Hemiptera and others.They are considered as a very practical and valuable natural predatory enemies because of their strong predation capability and adaptability in the field.The recent research in A.chinensis mainly focused on indoor situation,such as the morphology and biological characteristics,mass rearing,nutrigenomics,storage technology and ability of pest control.But the study of the population establishment of the A.chinensis after released in the greenhouse and field have not been reported.Howevre,the poor population establishment is one of the most important problems in the practical application faced in alomost all the natural enemy insects.So this article studied the main effects on the population establishment of A.chinensis of the different physiological conditions and host plant types combined with indoor observation and greenhouse experiments.We got the basic conclusion on the endurance with short time starvation of A.chinensis,preliminary screening the instar of release;The effects on the predation ability and fecundity of A.chinensis adults of short starvation were measured.Compared the effects on the population establishment of short term starvation under the conditions of whether there has the pests.Observed the difference of the population establishment between the differert instar of A.chinensis.At the same time,we studied the difference of the population establishment with the differernt host plant and assessed the effects on the population establishment of low-temperature pre-treatment the adults of A.chinensis.The main results are as follows:1)The adults of A.chinensis have the strongest starvation tolerance,short term starvation did not significantly decrease the fecundity of A.chinensis,but increased their predation.There was significant difference in survival time among different instars under the starvation,the female adults lived longer?28.74 days?than the other stages.The starved A.chinensis adult consumed significantly more 2^nd instar larvae of Mythimna separate?Walker??3.0 and 2.9 larvae for female and male adults,respectively?than control?0.5 and 0.7 larvae for female and male adults,respectively?.However,neither differences in predation were found among different states of starvation nor in male or female adults.The amount of eggs of the females after starvation were declining?117.0,162.3 and 140.0 eggs for 3d,6d and9d-starved,respectively?than control?181.8 eggs?,but were not significant.Both of the egg hatchability of 3d-starved?64.45%?and 6d-starved?68.10%?A.chinensis were significantly lower than that of control?78.03%?and 9 d-starved?77.85%?ones.2)Short term starvation dose not affect the population establishment of the adults of A.chinensis,and whether inoculation the pest(2^nd instar larvae of M.separate)have the obvious effects on the space distribution,diffusion coefficient and the proportion of remaining in the greenhouse.Compared with the contros,ionculatting the pest could significantly improve the distribution in the plant,reduce the diffusion coefficient and improve the percent colonization in the greenhouse of the A.chinensis adults.3)The population establishment between the different instars of A.chinensis has the significant differenc.The 3^nd instar larvae of A.chinensis has the weak spreading ability and mainly concentrated in release point,the diffusion coefficient were significantly lower than the 5^nd instar larvae and adults,but has the higher proportion of remaining.The distribution in the plant of the 5^nd instar larvae were significantly higher than adults.4)The low temperature pre-treatment before release has the significant effects on the population establishment in the greenhouse of A.chinensis adults.Compared with the controls,the low temperature pre-treatment significantly affect the space distribution in the greenhouse of A.chinensis adults,significantly improve the distribution in the plant and reduce the diffusion coefficient.But it has no significance on the proportion of remaining.5)The population establishment of A.chinensis adults has the significant difference with the different host plant in the greenhouse.The distribution and the diffusion coefficient in the tobacco were significantly lower than maize,green pepper and soybean.But the proportion of remaining between the different host pant were has no signicicant difference.