Studies On Double High Yield Supporting Technology Of Wheat/Maize

Henan province is the main producing area of wheat and maize in China,and the level of grain production is of great significance to the protection of national food security.This experiment was carried out in the Science and Education Demonstration Zone(35 ° 51 'N,l13 ° 35' E)of Henan agricultural university of Zhengzhou.By optimizing the combination of wheat and maize varieties,the scientific configuration of planting pattern,the optimization of planting density,and improving the quality of mechanized harvesting these four aspects,such as to conduct the research of wheat / maize double high-yielding with the application of mechanization technology.The main results are as follows:1,On breed collocation,the wheat should choose the large spike type that every ear of wheat is about more than 50 grains(such as Jiyuan2),with the characteristics of less early tillering,high earing rate,the much more dry matter accumulation in the mature period and big potential of increasing production,etc;And the corn should mainly use the type of resisting the lodging and density(such as Denghai605),with the characteristics of low plant height,long leaf function period,high hundred kernel weight,strong stress resistance,which have big potential to increase production.2,On planting patterns,the wheat to type 3-1 for planting,spacing 15 cm,reserved row spacing30 cm,by which can play edge advantages,the ear number of the edge line is 1.3 times the middle line,boundary line spike grain number is 2~3 grains more than the middle row,thousand seed weight of boundary line is 7.97% higher than the middle row,reaching a significant difference levels,and the production of 3-1 type of wheat planting increases by about 450 kg/hm2 than the full picture of planting,resulted in a significantly increased yield.The maize is interplanted at equal row of 60 cm spacing,but the set of sowing time has a great influence on the wheat grains of boundary line.The sooner of the set of sowing is,the lighter of the grain weight is.The wheat yield of sets of sowing,which are planted on May 10 and May 20,have decreased by 11.89% and 4.07% respectively,so the date of set of sowing should choose after May 20,to minimize its effects on the wheat yield.3,In terms of the optimization of planting density,sowing wheat appropriately late,after October 15 and harvesting at early June in time.Sowing maize prematurely will make high incidence of rough dwarf virus disease,with severely yield loss;Appropriately early sowing can extend the growth period,every day in advance can lengthen the whole growing period about 0.43 d,0.40 d,the filling period can prolong by 0.2d,0.20 d,dry matter accumulation increase,hundred grain weight increase,and also can reduce the the influence of density stress on the stem and root growth of summer maize,enhance the capacity of summer maize plants' resistance to lodging and reduce the lodging rate to realize high and steady yield.At the same time,the grain protein content will increase and the quality will improve.On production,for Denghai605,it's maximum yield potential is on May 20,and Yuyu30 is on May 25,showing that different varieties have different sowing time.The results of this experiment show that combing the set of sowing of Denghai605 on May 20 ~ 30 with 105000 plants/hm2 with the Jiyuan2 can reach the highest yield,of which production will about 1000 kg/hm2 more than normal sowing on June 9 after harvest.4,In terms of improving the quality of mechanized harvesting,it advocates the late harvest of maize,around October 10 to harvest,the moisture content of maize grain which sowed before May 30 can fell below 20%,can reach the suitable standard of mechanized harvesting,and shall not affect the wheat planting.