| Objective:The serotypes,virulence genes,drug resistance and genotyping of Salmonella from different sources were isolated and analyzed,and their correlations and differences were analyzed.Salmonella from different sources to trace the source,supplemented the epidemiological data of animal-derived Salmonella,and provide the theoretical basis for effective prevention and control and risk assessment of Salmonella infection from different sources.Method:In this research,we collected samples of different sources from Shandong provinces in china.Firstly,the positive strains from the samples were isolated and identified to study the distribution of Salmonella in different kinds of samples.Then,the positive samples were selected.The drug sensitivity tests were conducted by the drug sensitivity test board.Detection of serotypes with Salmonella serotype kit.And some common toxin genes(SPI-1～SPI-5、spvA、spvB、spvC、spvD、spvR)and were detected with PCR method.Through the comparison of drug sensitivity,toxin genes and drug resistance of strains derived from different sources,and gene typing of those strains with PFGE method,the "gene map" of those Salmonella was obtained.The data provide a basis for the monitoring of Salmonella by tracking and tracing the sources.Result:(1)The isolation rate of Salmonella from healthy porcine was 21.63%(77/356),while the isolation rate is 19.63%(64/326)from healthy chickens.The isolation rate of Salmonella from porcine pathogenic was 4.36%(16/367),while the isolation rate is 7.9%(29/367)from chickens pathogenic.(2)Detection of drug resistance of isolated bacteria.Analysis of the resistance of Salmonella isolated from healthy animals and diseased animals from the perspective of different sample sources,in addition to doxycycline and gentamicin,other antibiotics in animals than healthy animals than high resistance rate.From the perspective of different host sources,the comparison of the total resistance of Salmonella isolated from pig source and chicken source showed that the effects of swine and chicken on ampicillin,ogandine,tetracycline,doxycycline,sulfamethoxazole,there was no significant difference in the resistance rate of gentamicin,spectinomycin,cefotaxime,florfenicol,enrofloxacin,ofloxacin and colchicine.The total number of Salmonella isolates was 1 to 2,accounting for 55.32%of the total number of Salmonella isolates.The number of Salmonella isolates was more than 10 species,accounting for 44.44%of the total number of Salmonella.(3)Samples of Salmonella isolated were serotyped.From the perspective of different sample sources,the differences in the serotypes of Salmonella in healthy animals and diseased animals were not significant.There are four prevalent serotypes including:S.derby,S.indian,S.enteritidis and S.thompson of Salmonella isolated from both kinds of animals.From the perspective of different host sources,the isolation rate of S.typhimurium was higher than that of chicken,and the isolation rate of S.enteritidis was higher than that of porcine.(4)Toxicity detection of isolated Salmonella was obtained.From the perspective of different sample sources,the carrying of virulent genes in Salmonella virulent island are basically identical,while the carrying of virulent genes in Salmonella virulent plasmid are significantly high in diseased animals than in healthy animals.From the perspective of different host sources,the isolation rate of sseL gene in procine was higher than that of chicken,and the isolation of lignin virulent plasmid gene in chicken was higher than that of procine.(5)Forty Salmonella were successfully divided into 15 PFGE profiles.Among them,there were 10 kinds of PFGE genotypes in 33 healthy livestock and Salmonella species,and 7 species of PFGE were found in 7 strains of Salmonella faecalis.There were 9 PFGE patterns in 15 strains of Salmonella typhimurium,among which 5 Salmonella enteritidis were Salmonella enteritidis,7 Salmonella typhimurium strains were 5 PFGE profiles,1 Salmonella enteritidis 1 PFGE profile,2 strains of swine Salmonella typhimurium for the two kinds of PFGE spectrum.There were 8 PFGE patterns in Salmonella typhimurium of 16 strains.Among them,16 Salmonella enteritidis were Salmonella enteritidis and 4 Salomonas typhimurium were used as Salmonella typhimurium 3 kinds of PFGE genotypes,1 strain of chicken Salmonella typhimurium is a PFGE spectrum.The results showed that the source,host,serotype,virulence and drug resistance of the isolates with similar PFGE patterns were similar,indicating that the phenotype and genotype were consistent.The same serotype,the source of the sample and the source of the host is not the same,PFGE spectrum is not the same,it may be from different primitive strains.The results showed that the cross-contamination of the slaughtering lines collected in this study was more serious than that of Salmonella enteritidis,and Salmonella was likely to spread to the livestock and poultry products along the production chain.Conclusion:Healthy livestock and poultry samples in the high rate of Salmonella,the advantages of serotype more obvious,should cause the attention of animal health regulators,strengthen the slaughter of Salmonella disinfection and prevention and control.Although the incidence of livestock and poultry isolated Salmonella is relatively small,but the pathogenic serotype for the dominant serotype,virulence gene carrying capacity is generally high,serious drug resistance and multiple drug resistance in general,should be fully attracted attention.Must be on the onset or abnormal death of animal harmless treatment,strengthen prevention and control measures to ensure the safety of employees in the life. |
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