| Wheat is an important food crop in the world.In China,wheat accounts for 27% of the total grain output and is the second largest grain crop in China.Because of its special geographical location,Huang Huai wheat region has always been the main producing area of wheat in China.In recent years,due to long-term improvement of the hybrid breeding between long-term varieties,the existing interspecies have high homogeneity,and the diversity of germplasm resources is becoming more and more narrow.The wheat genetic improvement is difficult to achieve breakthrough progress.Therefore,it is the most important task to broaden the wheat germplasm resources and improve the genetic diversity.In this study,SSR primers were used to construct 119 DNA fingerprints database of wheat varieties popularized in Huang Huai wheat region,and genetic diversity was analyzed.In order to broaden the germplasm and genetic background of wheat and improve the genetic diversity,the background of genetic was detected in this study.The introgression lines which only contained the 5D chromosome fragment and the fragment that could cover the whole 5D chromophore were screened.Identify the form,The following progress has been made in the study:1.Using 84 pairs of primers on the A,B and D genome of wheat,170 alleles were detected in 119 wheat varieties,and 1~5 alleles were detected for each pair of primers,with an average of 2.02 alleles.The polymorphism information index(PIC)was 0-0.62,with an average of 0.204.The results showed that the allele variation types were relatively small,and 84 pairs of primers showed low polymorphism in the experimental materials.2.Using markup gwm124,gwm617,cfa2019,wmc173,wmc752,barc96,barc126,gwm294,barc35,gwm174,cfd22,gwm397,and gwm397,we can separate the Shannong29,Liangxing66,Yangmai 158,Shannong15381,Taishan 818,Aikang58,Zhoumai 30,Zhongyu 1123,Zheng Mai 0856,Shannong22,Zhongyuan 18,Xiaoyan 54 and Xiaoyan 54 The other varieties are separated too.In addition,10 pairs of marked and stable markers were selected,and the bands of each pair of markers were counted and numbered.The DNA fingerprint database of 119 wheat varieties(lines)was obtained,and 119 wheat varieties(lines)could be accurately identified.3.Using the statistical results of genotypes to cluster analysis,119 wheat varieties(lines)can be divided into 5 groups,which can basically distinguish the relationship among the various varieties,and provide a certain theoretical basis for the selection of wheat parents and the cross combination of hybrid groups breeding.4.With the Common Wheat Jimai 22 as the parent parent,rhyschini Y215 as the parent parent,the hybrid F1 was obtained through the young embryo rescue and tissue culture,and then BC1F1 was obtained from Jimai 22,and then the stable strain was obtained by continuous self cross and multi generation backcross,and 21 pairs of SSR markers evenly distributed on the D genome.The genetic background detection of the BC3F3 population of the introgression line found that 309 materials only contained the infiltrated fragments of the 5D chromosome of Leymus chinensis,of which the infiltrated fragments contained in 18 single plants could cover the whole 5D chromosome.The results of the infiltrating fragments of 18 single strains showed that the longest fragment was about 45 cM,and the shortest was only 2cM,and 6 of them were homozygous fragments.5.Using the near infrared grain quality analyzer to identify the selected 309 materials containing only the 5D chromosomes of Leymus chinensis,the results showed that the protein content,water absorption,wet gluten content,dough formation time and dough stability time range of 309 parts of the 309 introgression lines were 13.00-20.76,46.20-67.60,24.77-43.87,4.90-11.10,7.50-27.50,in addition to the decrease in the average water absorption rate of the introgression line,the other three indexes were higher than those of the parents. |
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