| Salvia miltiorrhiza,also called Danhen,is a perennial plant in Lamiaceae family.The dry root and rhizome are one of the important medicinal herbs in China with important medicinal value,high economic value and research value.Taishan mountain is one of the real estate areas of Danshen in Shandong with abundant germplasm resources.As the number of patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases increases year by year,the demand for salvia miltiorrhiza medicines is increasing,but due to the continuous deterioration of the growing environment of salvia miltiorrhiza,the resources of wild salvia miltiorrhiza are decreasing.Therefore need to carry out the taishan salvia miltiorrhiza surrounding the germplasm collection and evaluation research,at the same time,through a variety of means to preserve,thus to enlarge the salvia miltiorrhiza germplasm resources and salvia miltiorrhiza genetic improvement research lay the foundation.With the increase of people's demand and the change of the ecological environment,the wild Danshen resources are dramatically decreased.Therefore,the collection and evaluation of Danshen germplasm resources in Taishan now is very necessary to be carried out,which will lay the foundation for the important germplasm resources preservation and genetic improvement.In this study,the Danshen germplasm from two wild populations in Taishan area were collected and investigated in Taishan,and 50 germplasms were preserved by asexual reproduction.The agronomic characters and genetic differences of these germplasm resources were studied by morphological character investigation,determination of the content of medicinal composition,and molecular markers.Two lines with high yield and two lines with excellent quality were screened out.The main results are as follows:These germplasms have rich diversity in the characteristics of plant,root yield and effective component content.Branch number with a high coefficient of variation(CV)provided a basis for the selection of those lines with small branching and compact dense.Secondly,the root fresh weight variation is abundant in Taishan germplasms which will produce a larger selection range for further.The content of salvianolic acid B in Taishan Danhen germplasm and the content of tanshinone in most lines are beyond the standard of Pharmacopoeia,which showed Taishan Danhen germplasms with excellent quanlity.The content of tanshinone has a greater coefficient of variation(33.33%-52.17%)in theseresources,reflecting a greater genetic diversity and providing a wider variation for the selection of high quality and special genotype.Correlation analysis showed that the four root yield traits,three salvianolic acid components and four tanshinones components have significant positive correlation.The number of branches,the number of flowers and the number of roots showed significant positive correlation,indicating that the branches number or flowers number can be used to quickly identify root number,hence which may provide simplify selection method.The cluster analysis of Taishan Danshen germplasm based on agronomic traits showed that the 50 materials were divided into 5 categories,each of which had their own unique characteristics.Moreover 2 lines with high product and 2 lines with high quality were selected from these materials.Genomic SSR markers were used to analyze genetic diversity of Taishan Danhen germplasm,and 38 bands were amplified by 17 SSR markers,36 of which belonged to polymorphic bands,and the genetic diversity coefficient(H)was 0.3066,indicating that a rich diversity of Danshen in Taishan.The results provided an important basis for understanding the resources characteristics of Danahen in Taishan,and further development excellent varieties and protecting their unique resources. |
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