Study On Dynamic Changes Of Soil Erosion In Baiquan County Of Hei Longjiang Province

In the 1970s,the ecological environment of Baiquan county,Heilongjiang Province had been greatly damaged.The former Baiquan County was a grain-producing county.But because of the man excessive deforestation wasteland and the population dramatic incerase,so droughts and floods?sand and other natural disasters occur frequently,then Baiquan County became devastated,the thickness of the black soil from 1 meter to only 20 to 30 cm thick,the erosion of soil and water is deteriorating,the sharp drop in grain-producing from the initial hundreds per acre to less than one hundred pounds per acre?forest coverage has fallen sharply,soil organic matter content decreased,because of poverty and soil erosion get a series of ecological disaster make people in Baiquan County had to move out of their hometown.Baiquan County through many years of eclogical construction,eclogical restoration and comprehensive management of soil erosion has returned to the once appearance.This paper selects two time nodes to study soil erosion in Baiquan County in 2013 and2017.This paper mainly analyzes the soil erosion in Baiquan county from three aspects,land use,vegetation coverage and soil erosion.In this paper,the dynamic changes of soil erosion in Baiquan County of Heilongjiang province from 2013 to2017 were analyzed with the remote sensing images obtained by GF-1 and ZY-3 as the main data source,combined with DEM model and topographic map,and supported by ArcGIS.The study showed that Soil erosion area in Baiquan County of Heilongjiang Province in 2017 was significantly lower than that of soil erosion in1970s.The area of soil erosion was reduced from 3505.52km² to 934.87km² in2017,and the area of soil erosion was reduced by 2570.65km²?the soil erosion area of Baiquan County decreased,soil erosion intensity showed a decline trend,land use,vegetation coverage as an important factor affecting soil erosion,in the evolution of soil erosion in Baiquan county also played an important factor.Get some conclusions as follows:1)The area of cultivated land in Baiquan county has been reduced,and the area of paddy field has increased.The slope farmland has been reduced from 2716.7km² in2013 to 2681.51km² in 2017.The paddy field increased from 37.3km² in 2013 to78.12km² in 2017.The change of land use type and the implementation of ecological agricultural slope land treatment technology to protect the black soil.There is an inextricable relationship between Baiquan county and Baiquan County,which is based on different types of soil and water conservation projects based on different types of land use.2)The vegetation coverage of forest and grass in Baiquan county was basically flat in 2017 compared with 2013,a slight decrease and a decrease of 2.73km²,but the area of high covering forest grass and low covering forest grass increased by7.27%,compared with the total vegetation coverage of 1970s.3)Soil erosion in Baiquan County decreased from 2013 to 2017,and decreased from 1111.27km² of total erosion area in 2013 to 934.87km² of total erosion area in2017.Mild erosion,moderate erosion,strong erosion,extreme intensity and severe erosion were reduced,131.48km^2,35.15km²,5.62km²,2.21km² and 1.94km² were reduced respectively.According to the interpretation of water and soil conservation measures in Baiquan County in 2017,924 plaques were interpreted,and the area covered by water and soil conservation measures was 313.95 square kilometers.The273 patches of the terraced field,with an area of 108.43 square kilometers,accounted for 34.43%of the total water conservation measures in Baiquan County,and 146patches of soil and water conservation forests,with an area of 14.92 square kilometers,accounted for 4.74%of the total area of the water conservation measures in Baiquan County,and 209 plots were changed to 135.56 square kilometers,accounting for the entire interpretation of Baiquan.The area of the county's water and soil conservation measures is 43.04%;the 96 vegetation patches of the ridge bank area,56.04 square kilometers,account for 17.79%of the total area of the water and soil conservation measures in Baiquan county.