Analysis Of The Process Of Soil Erosion Evolution And Soil And Water Conservation Achievements In Baiquan County,Heilongjiang Province

Soil erosion in black soil areas in Northeast China has led to a continuous decrease in soil productivity,which directly threatens national food security.Baiquan County is located in the diffuse area in the central part of Heilongjiang Province.Over the years,Baiquan County has obtained a number of water and soil conservation technology models suitable for the Northeast Black Soil Region.Baiquan county as study area,the evolution process of soil erosion was studied based on the second remote sensing survey of soil erosion,the first national water conservancy survey,and the dynamic monitoring data,using CSLE model to calculate soil erosion modulus in 2010 and 2015.Combining the input of the country in recent years to the soil erosion control project in Baiquan County,quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of water and soil conservation in the implementation of these projects in the study area.Taking the soil and water conservation evolution process in Baiquan County as an example,a comprehensive prevention and control technology model for soil erosion in the black soil region of northeast China was summarized.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)From 2000 to 2015,the soil erosion intensity in Baiquan County showed a downward trend.The severely eroded areas in 2000 were mostly transformed into moderately eroded areas by 2010.In the strong and above erosive areas in 2010,99.53%of the areas evolved into moderately eroded areas by 2015,and were transformed into subtle areas.With the increase of governance intensity,the erosion intensity has obviously decreased.(2)The type,quantity and spatial distribution of soil and water conservation measures laid on slope farmland affect the dynamic changes of soil erosion in Baiquan County.In the three times study,the eroded area of cultivated land gradually decreased,and the erosion intensity also decreased,reflecting that the treatment of soil erosion began to be effective.Therefore,the key to soil erosion control in Baiquan County lies in the control of soil erosion on cultivated land.(3)From the perspective of effectiveness,the implementation of water and soil conservation measures has improved the soil erosion in the study area,improved the ecological environment.In general,the amount of soil to be preserved in units of ridges is low,and the distribution of soil and water conservation measures should be optimized.The area of terraces and mantle should be expanded to further improve the benefits of soil and water conservation.(4)The empirical model of water and soil erosion control in Baiquan County can be summarized as follows:With ecological agriculture as the core,engineering measures as the backbone,biological measures as the main body,terrain features as the basis,and water and soil conservation as goal,construction bio-engineering comprehensive control technology system...