The Research Progress Of Alopecia Areata Treatments

Alopecia areata is a common dermatological disease with benign, limitations and the non-scarring and can progress alopecia totalis or alopecia universalis.The course of this disease with slow progress and can relieve itself or recur, which can affect the image and beauty of the patients seriously. The etiology and pathogenesis was unclear and non-exact therapy was detected. Most think that this disease was caused by T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases, and may relate with genetic, mental factors, malnutrition, etc. The various treatment and curative effect of alopecia areata were summarized in recent 10 years to provide some references for further study.Literature with MESH words of “alopecia areata” “Treatment” and “progress” was explored in Wan Fang digital database, China national knowledge infrastructure and Pubmed. According to the results, the related treatment and curative effect of alopecia areata in recent 10 years was summarized:1 Alopecia areata is one of most common dermatological diseases with the non-scarring and its clinical manifestation is alopecia areata spot, The morbidity of alopecia areata was 0.1% to 0.1%, a slightly different between different racial and ethnic, different ages all can attack, you th was more.The etiology and pathogenesis was unclear, Most think that this disease was caused by T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases, and may relate with genetic, mental factors, etc.2 The treatment and curative effect of alopecia areata were various and The treatment of alopecia areata mainly includes drug therapy, physical therapy, surgical treatment. The traditional treatment(glucocorticoid minoxidil, compound glycyrrhizin) was still in chief. Single treatment is very difficult to achieve the ideal effect, recently two or more than two kinds of methods combined treatment shows a good prospect.3 The occurrence of alopecia areata may be a cell-mediated immune response which its target organ may be hair follicle. Cyclical hair growth mainly divided into three stages: growth period, the regression stage and resting stage, hair follicle epithelial and stromal elements are cyclical changeable. The regulation of hair follicle cycle are caused by a synergistic action of various factors, stem cells, signal transduction pathway may promote hair follicle cyclical growth. The treatment of alopecia a reata may include gene transfection and gene knockout method to achieve the effect.4 With the continuous development of biotechnology, some new type of biological agents have been developed and applied to the treatment of alopecia areata, and achieved a certain effect, but the clinical application is still rare, clinical experiment of large sample research is still needed to prove the efficacy and safety for the treatment of alopecia areat a in the future.5 The hair follicle stem cells can be a medium of gene therapy, and be encoded by using the method of gene transfection of anti-inflammatory cells and other immune regulator genes, and make the hair follicles suffer from immune attack in orde to play a role in the treatment of alopecia areata.6 Induction of pluripotent stem cells(i PS) can appear its ability to differentiate into all kinds of hair follicle keratinocytes, with high production sequencing, and not only can identify genetic changes related to the disease, but also can transplante i PS into immunodeficiency mice, and then model the simulation of the disease in the hair follicle, and contribute to carry out further research on the etiology, pathogenesis and treatment of alopecia areata.In conclusion, as the etiology and pathogenesis was unclear, the tre atment was inefficacious, comprehensive study was urged. New type of biological agents were developed and achieved certain effect, but its security still need further study. The hair follicle stem cells can be a medium of gene therapy, and by gene transfection to achieve the purpose of treatment. The disease model was set up by using induced pluripotent stem cells to carry out further research on the etiology, pathogenesis and treatment of alopecia areata.