| A neonatal seizure is common symptoms of nervous system, one of the most critical diseases in the pediatric population with high incidence, caused by a variety of cranial nerve dysfunction and abnormal neuronal firing, which is liable to exert a short-term or long-term adverse influence on immature neurons.As a kind of western medicine, phenobarbital is used for the treatment of infantile convulsion at present. Although phenobarbital functions as an effective drug, still there exist some concerns about its side-effects to the brain of a newborn. Therefore it is urgent for clinical scientists to explore new kinds of anti-seizure medication that are cerebral protective.There are advantages treating infantile convulsions with Chinese medicine, individualized treatment based on syndrome differentiation, concept of holism, non-toxic or low toxicity and long-term administration. This study analyzed system evaluation of Chinese medicine treating infantile convulsion to evaluate its effectiveness and relapse,which provides evidence for the application of traditional Chinese medicine used in clinical practice. This study then chose one of the sedative and antispasmodic Chinese drugs amber as the research object to observe the recent and long-term effects on the excitability and synaptic plasticity of cerebellum Purkinje cells(PC) in immature rats after seizure, made by the main active ingredient of amber, succinic acid(SA), and explore the mechanism. The intention of this study is to provide experimental basis for succinic acid being used in neonatal seizure's clinical therapy, and offer experimental ideas and methods to develop Chinese medicine safely available to seizures.1. A system evaluation of Chinese medicine treating infantile convulsionObjective: To evaluate the effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine therapy for infantile convulsions. Methods: Retrieve and screen literature reports about the therapy of infantile convulsion in traditional Chinese medicine for nearly 20 years from 1995 to 2015, in PubMed, Medline, Embase, the Chinese biomedical literature database, CNKI, the Cochrane Library, full-text database of Chinese excellent masters' and doctoral thesis, manually retrieving relevant papers of academic conference, other relevant Chinese magazines, and literature references. Then on the basis of the Jadad scale, we evaluate the quality of the included literatures and extract data from them. Use Review Manager5.3 software to make a systematical analysis. Results: There are 49 literatures in the trials, with 4228 patients. In treatment group, 4 articles only used traditional Chinese medicine for the therapy, while the rest articles used traditional Chinese medicine on the basis of conventional western medicine for the therapy. There are 36 articles having statistics to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment, and 25 articles having statistics to evaluate the relapse. Meta analysis showed that traditional Chinese medicine can improve treatment effect(OR 4.34, 95% CI(3.42, 5.50)), and reduce the recurrence rate(OR 0.30, 95% CI(0.24, 0.37)), which is superior to conventional western medicine treatment, and it is statistically significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: Traditional Chinese medicine can improve the effect of treatment and reduce recurrence convulsions.2. The experimental research of protective effects of Succinic Acid on cerebellumObjective: To investigate the protective effects of succinic acid(SA) on cerebellum Purkinje cells(PCs) of neonatal rats with seizures. Methods: Whole cell patch clamp technique was used to record the action potential of PCs and the PC EPSC LTD induced by low frequency stimulation of PF on cerebellum slices of 7 days(P7) and 30 days(P30) SD rats. Results: In both P7 and P30 rats with seizures, the action potential frequency of PCs was significantly increased(P <0.05) and the PC LTD was enhanced(P <0.05). The threshold stimuli for evoking PCs spikes was decreased and the firing rate was even higher in the rats treated with 120 mg/Kg Phenobarbital(P <0.05).The enhancement of PC LTD were aggravate in both P7 and P30 rats by Phenobarbital(P < 0.05). SA decreased the spike frequency of PCs in both P7 and P30(P <0.05), and increased the threshold stimuli of PCs spikes in P30 rats(P <0.05). The enhancement of PC LTD in P7 and P30 rats with seizures was erased by SA(P >0.05). Conclusion The high excitability of PCs and the abnormal PF-PC synaptic plasticity caused by seizures in neonatal rat may be present in puberty, which can be aggravated by the Phenobarbital. SA can reduce the high excitability of PCs and repair the immediate and long-term alterations of PC LTD caused by neonatal seizures. |
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