Study On 3D Printing Artificial Bone Scaffold

Symptoms of bone defects caused by different reasons, such as a variety of diseases, accidents, are very common in clinical diseases. Unlike human skin and other soft tissues, the self-healing ability of human bone is so weak that it is difficult for bone to be self-healing, especially under severe accident conditions and the patients in most case would lose motor skills. Current clinical applications of most artificial bones are made of such materials as metal, carbon fiber and so on. After implanted in the human body, these artificial bones constantly stimulate the body and trigger rejection as they are foreign bodies, which brings great pain for the patients. The ideally medical methods of bone defects are that implants biodegradable scaffolds which carry human bone cells in the human body, these brackets would perform the function of bone for some time and eventually be degraded and replaced by human bone, all the process would be no rejection. The biodegradable bone scaffolds Prepared with conventional methods can neither ensure the accuracy of outlines nor the structure of the internal pores, which is not conducive to the bone scaffold implants. While, by means of 3D printing technology, we can get an ideal bone scaffold with precise shape and suitable inner porosity structure. In this study, the mechanical and biologic performance of the NBCA/HA composite were researched.with the experiments of the scaffolds designed with different methods, the structure and the parameters of bone scaffold preparation were optimized.Firstly, introduce the theory of bone scaffolds in bone tissue engineering. The difference in materials and preparation methods of bone scaffold was discussed. With great advantages, the way of manufacturing biological degradable ceramic bone scaffolds by three-dimension-printing was mainly studied.secondly, the bone scaffold design methods are studied, including compact bone bone scaffold design and cancellous bone scaffold design. The outlines of bone scaffolds are obtained on the basis of CT images of patients using three dimension reconstruction. While internal structures bone scaffolds are obtained by the method of reduction dimension which designed microporous structure on the two-dimension image, then obtained three-dimensional porous structure after 3D reconstruction.thirdly, the material performance of HA and NBCA is calculated by molecular dynamics simulations. The effects of NBCA on the mechanical properties of HA material are studied. The elastic modulus of the complex material is calculated and the tested by experiment.Finally, the mechanical properties and biological performance of bone scaffolds designed by random method, grid method, and CAD method are tested, including compressive strength, porosity, relative permeability, hydrophilic, etc. And the performances of bone scaffolds designed by these different methods are compared.