Measurement Of Effective Radiation Dose And DNA Damage Of Nurses In PCI

Purpose:In the past, more researches focus on exposure doses on the percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) operator and patients, however, as the positions of the intraoperative nurses of catheter intervention are not fixable and frequently under movement state, researches for radiation doses on nurses are rare. Therefore,This research is to measure the acceptable effective radiation doses on intraoperative nurses, especially for coronary atherosclerotic heart disease patients under PCI surgeery, to evaluate annual effective exposure dose through standardized public signs. Meanwhile, this research is to instigate the effects of ionizing radiation on the peripheral blood lymphocyte DNA, and to understand the damage for the intraoperative nurses under PCI surgery.Method:Random selected ten nurses from the interventional catheters room at Central Hospital Affiliated to the Medical College in Shenyang, respectively placed thermos luminescence dosimeters(TLD) horizontally against thyroid, breast and gonad at internal and external lead aprons, respectively measured the average radiation dose of 4 times for each nurse, and estimated effective dose based on the standard GBZ128-2002; the effective dose estimation method for the interventional radiation staff, of national norms for occupational health in People Republic of China and calculated annual effective exposure doses based on the regular workload for each nurse. Collected peripheral venous blood from the nurses at preoperative and postoperative 1 hour, applied single cell gel electrophoresis to detect the contents of the tail DNA(TDNA %) and rate of micronucleus for tail moment(TM), and evaluated the damage of DNA caused by ionizing radiation during PCI operation.Results:After the measurement, the comparison of the radiation levels of the nurses accompanying with PCI in the PCI operation were compared by statistical analysis:the exposure dose of chest internal lead at 165.30±1.30?Sv; the abdomen covered by internal lead apron showed the radiation exposure level at165.86±1.88?Sv; the neck shows radiation exposure at 166.56±1.59?Sv;the abdomen exposure dose for the external lead apron showed at 187.47±30.39?Sv; the chest exposure dose of the external lead apron showed at 177.87±10.76?Sv; the neck exposure dose of the external lead apron showed at 174.91±5.84?Sv. The maximum value of whole body exposure dose of one time PCI surgery for the intraoperative nurses is 88.39?Sv and the average value of f whole body exposure dose of one time PCI surgery for the intraoperative nurses is 87.30?Sv. Based on standard GBZ128-2002, the effective dose estimation method for the interventional radiation staff, the average annual radiation exposure dose for intraoperative nurse reaches 8.56 m Sv and maximum value reached 8.66 m Sv. The Value of TDNA % and TM for PCI postoperative nurses grew respectively which is statistically significant increased(P<0.01).Conclusion:The research shows the radiation dose on external lead aprons during PCI surgery is significantly greater than the internals, which illustrates the lead aprons can provide effective radiation protection for nurses, however, even under the protection of lead aprons, annual amount of effective radiation for intraoperative nurses reaches the upper limit; the average effective dose is not greater than 20 m Sv in five consecutive years and the effective dose through the whole body is not greater than 50 m Sv in any year. Although not more than the scope of national regulations, but still compared to the average X-ray staff in China's average annual effective dose increased.The research shows the DNA damage of intraoperative nurses of PCI surgery is statistically significant; strengthen protection to actively prevent workload from increasing is recommended. This research is to provide fundamental data reference to the research of exposure dose on nurses during coronary heart disease PCI treatment through measuring the radiation dose on intraoperative nurses during PCI surgery. It has positive significant meaning in term of reducing effective exposure dose of nurse during nurses of coronary heart disease PCI treatment, strengthening radiation protection, reducing radiation damage,maintaining coronary intervention nurses' health condition.