| Curcuma longae rhizoma is the rhizome of Curcuma longa of the Zingiberaceae family-the main function of which is expelling gas line and relive the pain. Curcuma rhizoma is the rhizome of Curcuma phaeocaulis Val, of which the function is expelling galine,relive the pain and remove food rentention.The tuber of both is used as a traditional chinese medicine Curcuma radix that can treat hearache.food rentention.distending pain and stagnation of blood. Curcuma longae rhizoma, Curcuma rhizoma and Curcuma radix are three Sichuan Authentic Herbs which have been widely applicated in pharmaceutical field,food system, cosmetic area and so on.This subject is one topic of The twelfth Five-year breeding research project of The crops--"the breakthrough of breeding new varieties of genuine herb of Sichuan Province"and the innovation topic of Chengdu science and technology bureau--"the construction of Standardized cultivation base of Curcuma sichuaensis".The work is mainly about selective breeding of new materials.We carry out the job to solve the problem of the quality of Curcuma radix from the very begingning.Meanwhile,we evaluated the content of effective constitution of new Curcuma longae rhizoma materials by colour system,preliminary established the quality standard of curcuma extract.The result of this subject can be respected as reference of a evaluation method of Curcuma longae rhizoma quality and the establishment of the quality standard of curcuma extract.Selective breeding study of New materials of Curcuma longa and Curcuma phaeocaulis:In 2012-2014, wepropogated 16 excellent special strains of turmeric and zedoary and did some follow-up work. By comparing the yield of them and their content of volatile oil, germacrone and curcumin,we systematically studied the breeding characteristics of new materials and filterred 13 new stable materials--9 turmeric and 4 zedoary.Among them,JH5 and LS-5 are excellent in comprehensive characteristic with high yield and high quality.JH5 have passed the expert technical appraisal from Sichuan Crop Variety Approval Committee Oganization in august,2014.Comparing to the local control group.the characteristics of new turmeric materials are as follows:5 productive turmeric materials with high content of curcumin:JH5 is both productive in rhizoma and tuber,and is both volatile oil and curcumin hight content in its rhizoma and tuber. JH6?JH10 are productive in rhizoma with high content of curcumin in rhizoma and high content of both curcumin and volatile oil in tuber,and can be regarded as one because of their similarity. JH4 is productive in tuber and of high content of curcumin in rhizoma.JH8?JH11 are productive in tuber and are of high content of volatile oil in tuber. And the volatile oil content of JH8's tuber is higher than JH11's.3 high-content materials:JH12 is high content of curcuminoids in both rhizoma and tuber.JHl is a curcuminoids-high-content tuber material;JH2?JH3 and JH9 are materials with high volatile oil content in their tuber and can be merged because of their character similarity.1high productive new material:JH7 is productive in both rhizoma and tuber.Among the new materials,the following ones should be tracked for their breeding characteristics are apparently better than the local one:JH7 for its rhizoma production,JH4 and JH12 for its high curcumin content in rhizoma,JH6 for its high content of tuber,JH8 for its high content of volatile oil in tuber. LS-1 is productive; LS-3 is of high volatile oil content;LS-29 is of germacrone-high-content.Despite that the only deficiency of JH5 is that its tuber production is lower than the red bar Curcuma longa LS-5 have significant advantages in other aspects--production, breeding characteristics and the content of curcumin--so it can be approved by the next step.As for the materials from abroad.their curcumin contents are higher than the testing varities.The curcumin content of material from Feji is 1.9 higher than JH5's.And they are of siginificant breeding characteristics of high content.too.So we consider them to be new excellent sources of turmeric that should be introducted.As for new materials of zedoary,comparing to the local control group,the characteristics of new zedoary material are as follows:LS-5 is productive in rhizoma and tuber.and is of high content of germacrone in both rhizoma and tuber;LS-29 is productive in rhizoma,and is of high content of germacrone in rhizoma.LS-3 is productive in rhizoma.and is of high content in volatile oil.LS-1 is productive in both rhizoma and tuber.Comparing to the certified material,LS-29 have obvious advantages in the rhizoma germacrone content;LS-5's germacrone content of both rhizoma and tuber are higher.And LS-5 is of excellent comprehensive characteristics that can be approved by the next step.The correlation study between Chromaticity and the content of chemical component of turmeric new material:For the phenomenon that the colour of the cross section or the powders of different materials differs greatly, we studied the correlation between Chromaticity and the content of curcuminoids.By determinating the colour index value of the powder of turmeric and the content of 3 curcuminoids, we analyzed the correlation between them.The Pearson correlation coefficient indicated that the a value of the tumeric powder is in significant positive correlation with the content of curcumin,demethoxycurcumin,bisdemethoxycurcumin and curcuminoid.Identifing and classifing the colour with visual perception.the content sequence of curcumin in turmeric descends as follow:yellowish-brown,orange,claybank,orange yellow,reddish yellow,yellow.JH1,JH4,JH10,JH12 strong,JH5strong,JH6 strong are of relatively high content of curcuminoid,and their powders are of orange;JH7,JH9,JH11 are of relatively low content of curcuminoids.and their powders are of yellow.By determinating the colour index value of the powder of turmeric tuber and the content of 3 curcuminoids, we analyzed the correlation between them.The Pearson correlation coefficient indicated that the a value of the tumeric tuber powder is in significant positive correlation with the content of curcumin.and curcuminoids.the b value is in significant positive correlation with the content of curcumin and in positive correlation with the content of curcuminoids.Identifing and classifing the colour with visual perception.the content sequence of curcumin in turmeric descends as follow:golden yellow,yellow,pale yellow,yellowish white.The golden ones are of high-curcuminoids,:HS4.HS5 strong,HS6 strong and HS12 strong;The yellowish white ones and the pale yellow ones are of relatively low-curcuminoids:JH9,JH7,JH11 and HS-CK2 red bar.For the same material, rhizoma or tube,the stronger ones are of deeper colour than the week ones as well as for the cureuminoids content.By the use of regression analysis,we established a equation between the content of cureuminoids and the colour value.The statistics shows that the model is reasonable and we can predict the content of curcumin from turmeric rhizoma or turmeric tuber by chromaticity.So we can evaluate the quality of turmeric assisted by such method.Studies on extract quality standard of turmeric extractThe extraction and purification process of curcuma extract have been studied in this subject and it is determined that preparation technology of curcuma extract can be the combination of the application of macroporous resin and silica gel methods.Conducted a preliminary study of curcuma extract quality standard including morphological identification, TLC identification,,HPLC fingerprint and content determination.Preliminary established a curcuma extract quality standard:The product is powder with colour from light yellow to orange.The similar yellow fluorescent spots in the TLC graphs of sample should be detected at the corresponding position compared to the curcumin reference substance. Loss on drying cannot exceed 1.5%.There are three characteristic peaks,and the curcumin reference peak in the HPLC fingerprint is S peak.Calculate the rentention times of characteristic peak 1 and characteristic peak 2,the relative rentention time should be within the specified value±5%.The specified value is:0.345 (peak 1),0.920 (peak 2).The containing curcumin(C21H20O6) calculated on the basis of dried material should not be less than 75.0%.This research needs further efforts to perfect the extract quality standard of Curcuma longa. |
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